Ciências Biológicas- Licenciatura
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Navegar
Navegando Ciências Biológicas- Licenciatura por Autor "Farias, Patrícia Menegaz de"
Agora exibindo 1 - 2 de 2
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
Monografia Acesso embargado Decomposição de serrapilheira e atividade da fauna edáfica em diferentes fragmentos de Mata Atlântica(2019) Nandi, Marcos VieiraThe litter is an important component of the cycling of nutrients, essential for the maintenance of forests, especially in environments with weathered soil as in tropical forests. The ecosystem processes are regulated by biotic and abiotic factors directly dependent on the edaphic community, composed especially by invertebrates. The objective of this study was to estimate the litter decomposition rate in two soil matrices (cambisol and clayey) in fragments of Atlantic forest; as well as describing the functional diversity of soil fauna present in the process. This study was conducted in forest fragments with different ground matrices in the cities of Lauro Müller (28º21'S; 49º27'W; height: 220 m, cambisol soil matrix) and shark (28º27'S; 49º03'W; height: 6 m, clay soil matrix) in the southern state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. For the capture of individuals, pitfall traps type without the presence of baits were used. The captured organisms were identified at the lowest possible taxonomic level and grouped into functional groups. The sampling protocol in each area consisted of 20 fixed points, being carried out in two campaigns for each soil matrix. To evaluate the litter decomposition, senescent leaves of Rheedia gardneriana Tr. & Planch. (Clusiaceae), confined in nylon bags (Litter bags). Were used bags with 8 mm mesh, allowing the access of the edaphic fauna and bags with mesh inferior to 2 mm, representing the exclusion of edaphic fauna; these bags were then packed in overhang and buried portions, distributed in 15 sample points. To collect this material, it was stipulated a period of stay in the field 30, 60 and 90 days. A total of 3,161 individuals of soil fauna was recorded in the two soil matrices studied. A pattern of dominance of functional groups in these two soil matrices, represented by sapphagus, followed by sapphagogens predators and predators was observed. The observed pattern of bed decomposition rate in soil matrix types showed a high degree of proximity. The breakdown was faster in the first 30 days of exposure; between the periods 30 and 60 days there was a breakdown in the stability and between 60 and 90 days there was a resumption of the litter decomposition cycle. These results suggest that the soil fauna along with the microbiota are the main characters in the decomposition of litter, but the physical and chemical agents are also relevant for this process. In the two matrices surrounding soil there was a decomposition of 35 and 58.4%, demonstrating the high capacity of nutrient cycling of the Atlantic. Found that the presence of the roots 60 and 90 days confirming the litter as an important agent of nutrient cycling, making it essential to the aid of the litter seed bank system and forest management and reclamation.Monografia Acesso fechado Implicações do sistema de manejo de gado leiteiro na diversidade de besouros escarabeíneos e em sua função ecossistêmica de remoção de matéria orgânica(2017) Heerdt, Lara das NevesDung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) are organisms considered bioindicators due to the ecosystemic functions they perform. The objective of the research was to analyze the implications of the dairy cattle management system on the diversity of beetles and on the role of bovine manure removal by these organisms. In the period from December 2016 to March 2017, two livestock management systems were sampled, rotated and extensive, in the city of Armazém, Santa Catarina, Brazil, which had two replications each. For the capture of the beetles, we used standard methodology, with pitfall traps and lures of attraction (feces and fish), 10 matched traps were distributed in each sampling site by management system, totaling five sample points per area, spaced 50 m between. After 48 hours, the captured insects were removed and in the laboratory were identified, weighed and measured. For quantification of removal function by beetle beetles only the rotated system was sampled. We described the community structure and measured the rates of food resource allocation to be offered in three periods: 24, 48 and 72 hours. Regarding the diversity of dung beetles in the sampled livestock environments we registered a total of 104 specimens of beetle beetles, belonging to three species. In the rotated system, 80 individuals of beetle beetles were collected, while in the extensive system only 24 beetles fell into the traps. The number of species observed in each system studied was similar to the expected number of species based on the wealth estimator (Chao 1) and indicated sufficiency in the sampling, with a observed richness of at least 95.8%. Dichotomius nisus Oliver, 1789 was the only species shared in both types of systems sampled. The species: Dichotomius sericeus Harold, 1867 and Deltochilum multicolor Balthasar, 1939 were found only in the rotated system, suggesting that this system provides greater species richness. In terms of abundance, those who contributed the most in the systems studied were D. nisus. The physicochemical characterization of soils in the studied livestock environments showed that the D. nisus species correlated with soil organic matter content, suggesting the importance of these organisms in the nutrient cycling process. Removal of organic matter by dung beetles is influenced by precipitation, being higher in the 72 - hour period.