Agregado reciclado de resíduos de construção e demolição: variabilidade e influência no comportamento mecânico do concreto
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Data
2018-10-10
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Engenharias
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Costa, José Yter Alcantara
Orientador
Martini, Sandro
Coorientador
Resumo
A constante demanda por infraestrutura e moradia, ocasionado pelo crescimento mundial, somadas ao baixo grau de industrialização da construção civil, são fatores preponderantes para o aumento do consumo de materiais e para a geração de resíduos. No Brasil, a produção de agregados para construção foi de 741 milhões de toneladas, somente para o ano de 2014, correspondendo a um consumo per capita de 3,7 t/hab./ano, neste mesmo ano foram gerados aproximadamente 102 milhões de toneladas de resíduos de construção e demolição. Devido à falta de atratividade financeira, apenas uma pequena parte destes resíduos é reciclada, a grande maioria depositada em aterros como material inerte, provocando grandes desafios a indústria da construção civil e as administrações públicas. Nas últimas duas décadas, diversas pesquisas de âmbito nacional e internacional tem comprovado a eficiência do uso de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) na produção de concreto e argamassas. Atualmente no Brasil existem diversos grupos de pesquisas desenvolvendo trabalhos sobre utilização do RCD, dentre estes grupos destacamos o grupo de pesquisa da Universidade São Judas Tadeu, que sob a liderança do Professor Dr. Flávio Leal Maranhão desenvolve pesquisas sobre este tema, o qual este trabalho faz parte. Diante deste novo cenário, este trabalho surge com o objetivo de estudar a variabilidade dos agregados reciclados de RCD e sua influência nas propriedades físicas do concreto. Compõem esta pesquisa revisão bibliográfica e estudos experimentais. Na revisão bibliográfica foram explorados assuntos relacionados a definições, políticas públicas, consequências ambientais da deposição dos RCD e o processo de produção de agregados reciclados. Nos estudos experimentais foram analisadas as propriedades dos agregados reciclados de RCD e sua influência nas propriedades dos concretos. Quanto aos resultados obtidos nas amostras dos agregados reciclados analisados foram verificados: 3,19% de teor médio de impureza; influência da variabilidade entre as respectivas coletas, nos teores de argamassa, rochas, materiais cerâmicos, e impurezas no comportamento mecânico das misturas de concreto. Tratando das propriedades do concreto produzido, foram verificadas perdas de abatimento relacionadas a absorção de água dos agregados reciclados e ao teor de material pulverulento. Também foram verificados que concretos fabricados com agregados reciclados apresentaram resistência à compressão similar às misturas de concreto utilizando agregados naturais.
The constant demand for infrastructure and housing, caused by world growth, in addition to the low degree of the civil construction’s industrialization, are preponderant factors for the increase of the consumption of materials and for the generation of waste. In Brazil, the aggregate’s production for the construction sector was 741 million tons, considering only 2014, corresponding to a per capt consumption of 3.7 ton per inhabitant per year, during the same year, approximately 102 million tons of Construction and demolition waste were generated. Due to the lack of financial attractiveness, only a small part of this waste is recycled, the vast majority is still thrown in landfills as an inert material, posing major challenges to the construction industry and to the public administrations. In the last two decades, several national and international surveys have proven the efficiency of using Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) in the production of concrete and mortars. Currently in Brazil, there are several research groups developing studies regarding the use of C&DW, among these groups we can highlight the research group of the São Judas Tadeu University, which under the leadership of Professor Dr. Flávio Leal Maranhão develops research on this topic, which this paper is part of. In view of this new scenario, this work aims the study of recycled aggregate variability of C&DW variability and their influence on the physical properties of concrete. This research is composed of literature review and experimental studies. About the literature review, subjects related to definitions, public policies, environmental consequences of throwing away C&DW and the process of producing recycled aggregates were explored. During the experimental studies, the properties of recycled aggregates from C&DW and their influence on concrete properties were analyzed. Regarding the results obtained by the recycled samples that were analyzed, it was found: 3.19% of average impurity content; due to the variability among the respective samples, mortar, rocks, ceramic materials, and impurities in the mechanical behavior of the concrete mixtures. About the properties of the produced concrete, it was verified losses of abatement related to water absorption from the recycled aggregates and also related to the content of pulverulent material. It was also verified that concrete made from recycled aggregates showed compressive strength similar to concrete mixtures using natural aggregates.
The constant demand for infrastructure and housing, caused by world growth, in addition to the low degree of the civil construction’s industrialization, are preponderant factors for the increase of the consumption of materials and for the generation of waste. In Brazil, the aggregate’s production for the construction sector was 741 million tons, considering only 2014, corresponding to a per capt consumption of 3.7 ton per inhabitant per year, during the same year, approximately 102 million tons of Construction and demolition waste were generated. Due to the lack of financial attractiveness, only a small part of this waste is recycled, the vast majority is still thrown in landfills as an inert material, posing major challenges to the construction industry and to the public administrations. In the last two decades, several national and international surveys have proven the efficiency of using Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) in the production of concrete and mortars. Currently in Brazil, there are several research groups developing studies regarding the use of C&DW, among these groups we can highlight the research group of the São Judas Tadeu University, which under the leadership of Professor Dr. Flávio Leal Maranhão develops research on this topic, which this paper is part of. In view of this new scenario, this work aims the study of recycled aggregate variability of C&DW variability and their influence on the physical properties of concrete. This research is composed of literature review and experimental studies. About the literature review, subjects related to definitions, public policies, environmental consequences of throwing away C&DW and the process of producing recycled aggregates were explored. During the experimental studies, the properties of recycled aggregates from C&DW and their influence on concrete properties were analyzed. Regarding the results obtained by the recycled samples that were analyzed, it was found: 3.19% of average impurity content; due to the variability among the respective samples, mortar, rocks, ceramic materials, and impurities in the mechanical behavior of the concrete mixtures. About the properties of the produced concrete, it was verified losses of abatement related to water absorption from the recycled aggregates and also related to the content of pulverulent material. It was also verified that concrete made from recycled aggregates showed compressive strength similar to concrete mixtures using natural aggregates.
Palavras-chave
Resíduos de construção e demolição, Concreto de RCD, Variabilidade