Presunção de inocência e a execução antecipada da pena no Brasil: crítica à mudança jurisprudencial na vigência do estado democrático de direito
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Data
2019
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Rocha, Jarbas Soares
Orientador
Nicolitt, André Luiz
Coorientador
Resumo
A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de investigar o instituto da presunção de inocência sob a ótica da Constituição Federal, da legislação ordinária e dos tratados internacionais dos quais o Brasil é signatário. A análise fundamenta-se na decisão do HC nº 126.292/SP, a qual relativizou o princípio da presunção de inocência, passando a permitir a execução antecipada da pena, em contraposição ao artigo 5º, Inciso LVII da CRFB/88. Para tanto, servirão de base algumas teorias do direito, sobretudo a Teoria Garantista de Ferrajoli, que prescreve de forma equilibrada o direito voltado aos anseios das garantias constitucionais, consubstanciado na maximização da liberdade e na minimização dos abusos estatais. A pesquisa discutirá também a atividade hermenêutica do intérprete, com o escopo de examinar o texto e as normas constitucionais, bem como as razões para a oscilação da jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal Federal, motivado muitas vezes, por decisões discricionárias, com o intuito de se efetivar a vontade democrática e os elementos pragmáticos. Nesse viés, o estudo se corporifica para enfrentar os argumentos jurídicos produzidos no HC nº 126.292/SP, cujas consequências jurídicas ocasionam a discricionariedade judicial, em que os intérpretes assumem o protagonismo para decidir, mediante questões morais ou políticas. Por fim, conclui-se que não obstante a aprovação popular, o julgamento foi na contramão do que prescreve o texto constitucional.
The present essay aims to investigate the institute’ presumption of innocence in Brazil, from the constitutional text, ordinary laws and treaties parent is a signatory with the scope of entering the decision of HR 126.292 / SP which referred to the principle of the presumption of innocence conditional and allowed to be imprisoned following the second-instance publication conviction as opposed to Article 5, Section LVII of CRFB / 88. To do so, it will be discussed about some theories of law, among them, Alexy's theory with his method of weighting principles, but especially Ferrajoli's Theory of Guarantor, which prescribes in a balanced way, the right aimed at the constitutional guarantees’s yearnings based on maximizing freedom and minimizing government abuse. The research will address the hermeneutic activity of the interpreter in three pillars: how a judicial decision is interpreted, applied and based on the purpose of reflecting the reasons for the oscillation of the jurisprudence of the and of the crisis of jurisdiction experienced in Brazil, originated, many times, by discretionary and activist decisions in the quest to achieve the will democratic and pragmatic elements. In this bias the study is to analyze the legal arguments produced in HC 126.292 / SP. In this way, it will be possible to understand the legal consequences of judicial discretion in Brazil, where interpreters take the lead in deciding on moral or political issues. Finally, it is concluded that despite popular approval of the decision, the trial was contrary to what the constitutional text prescribes.
The present essay aims to investigate the institute’ presumption of innocence in Brazil, from the constitutional text, ordinary laws and treaties parent is a signatory with the scope of entering the decision of HR 126.292 / SP which referred to the principle of the presumption of innocence conditional and allowed to be imprisoned following the second-instance publication conviction as opposed to Article 5, Section LVII of CRFB / 88. To do so, it will be discussed about some theories of law, among them, Alexy's theory with his method of weighting principles, but especially Ferrajoli's Theory of Guarantor, which prescribes in a balanced way, the right aimed at the constitutional guarantees’s yearnings based on maximizing freedom and minimizing government abuse. The research will address the hermeneutic activity of the interpreter in three pillars: how a judicial decision is interpreted, applied and based on the purpose of reflecting the reasons for the oscillation of the jurisprudence of the and of the crisis of jurisdiction experienced in Brazil, originated, many times, by discretionary and activist decisions in the quest to achieve the will democratic and pragmatic elements. In this bias the study is to analyze the legal arguments produced in HC 126.292 / SP. In this way, it will be possible to understand the legal consequences of judicial discretion in Brazil, where interpreters take the lead in deciding on moral or political issues. Finally, it is concluded that despite popular approval of the decision, the trial was contrary to what the constitutional text prescribes.
Palavras-chave
Direitos Fundamentais, HC nº 126.292/SP, Princípios e Regras, Protagonismo Judicial, Teoria do Garantismo Penal