Um conceito jurídico para a democracia: o (ab)uso da cláusula democrática no âmbito do Mercosul
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Data
2019
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Mallmann, Jean Karlo Woiciechoski
Orientador
Lourenço, Daniel Braga
Coorientador
Resumo
O presente trabalho visa trazer, em linhas gerais, parâmetros doutrinários e legislativos no que tange à conceituação minimamente objetiva da palavra “democracia” e o seu uso jurídico-político. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa tomar-se-á como cenário casuístico as experiências recentes na América do Sul, notadamente no Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul), quanto à aplicação da cláusula democrática, conforme delineada no Protocolo de Ushuaia e no Protocolo de Montevidéu (Ushuaia II). No primeiro capítulo introduziremos as premissas básicas do conceito de integração regional e os motivos que desencadearam a criação do Mercosul, bem como a descrição das normas do bloco que tratam da cláusula democrática. Em continuidade, o segundo capítulo, tomando as bases de diversas linhas de pensamento teóricas, explanaremos alguns dos principais fundamentos defendidos na doutrina político-filosófica a respeito do tema “democracia”, partindo da democracia clássica até a teoria política moderna. Por fim, no último capítulo, analisaremos os argumentos que defendem a importância da manutenção do regime democrático nos Estados que buscam desenvolver uma integração regional, bem como traremos a lume um estudo crítico de três casos práticos em que se aplicou a cláusula democrática no âmbito do Mercosul, ou ao menos se debateu quanto à sua aplicação, envolvendo os seguintes Estados-membros: Paraguai, decorrente do impeachment do Presidente Fernando Lugo; Brasil, em relação ao impeachment da Presidente Dilma Rousseff; e, Venezuela, em razão das políticas públicas adotadas por Nicolás Maduro e a suspeita de fraude nas eleições presidenciais.
The present work aims at to bring, in general lines, doctrinal and legislative parameters in what it refers to to the minimum objective conceptualization of the word “democracy” and its use legal-politician. For the development of the research one will be overcome as casuistic scene the recent experiences in the South America, notably in the Common Market of the South (Mercosur), how much to the application of the democratic clause, as delineated in the Protocol of Ushuaia and the Protocol of Montevidéu(UshuaiaII). In the first chapter we will introduce the basic premises of the concept of regional integration and the reasons that had unchained the creation of the Mercosur, as well as the description of the norms of the block that deal with the democratic clause. In continuity, as the chapter, taking the diverse bases theoretical lines of thought, we will explain some of the main beddings defended in the politician-philosophical doctrine regarding the subject “democracy”, breaking of the classic democracy until the theory modern politics. Finally, in the last chapter, we will analyze the arguments that defend the importance of the maintenance of the democratic system in the States that they search to develop a regional integration, as well as will bring the fire a critical study of three practical cases where if it applied the democratic clause in the scope of the Mercosur, or the the least if debated how much to its application, involving the following State-members: Paraguay, decurrent of impeachment of President Fernando Lugo; Brazil, in relation to impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff; and Venezuela, in reason of the public politics adopted by Nicolás Maduro and the suspected of fraud in the presidential elections.
The present work aims at to bring, in general lines, doctrinal and legislative parameters in what it refers to to the minimum objective conceptualization of the word “democracy” and its use legal-politician. For the development of the research one will be overcome as casuistic scene the recent experiences in the South America, notably in the Common Market of the South (Mercosur), how much to the application of the democratic clause, as delineated in the Protocol of Ushuaia and the Protocol of Montevidéu(UshuaiaII). In the first chapter we will introduce the basic premises of the concept of regional integration and the reasons that had unchained the creation of the Mercosur, as well as the description of the norms of the block that deal with the democratic clause. In continuity, as the chapter, taking the diverse bases theoretical lines of thought, we will explain some of the main beddings defended in the politician-philosophical doctrine regarding the subject “democracy”, breaking of the classic democracy until the theory modern politics. Finally, in the last chapter, we will analyze the arguments that defend the importance of the maintenance of the democratic system in the States that they search to develop a regional integration, as well as will bring the fire a critical study of three practical cases where if it applied the democratic clause in the scope of the Mercosur, or the the least if debated how much to its application, involving the following State-members: Paraguay, decurrent of impeachment of President Fernando Lugo; Brazil, in relation to impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff; and Venezuela, in reason of the public politics adopted by Nicolás Maduro and the suspected of fraud in the presidential elections.
Palavras-chave
Democracia, Mercosul, Paraguai, Brasil, Venezuela