Constitucionalismo garantista: uma alternativa positivista para o enfrentamento do protagonismo judicial
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Data
2020
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Lemos Junior, Antônio Souza
Orientador
Espindola, Angela Araujo da Silveira
Coorientador
Resumo
O presente trabalho tem o intuído de discutir importantes temas para teoria do direito
e que circundam o notório e crescente protagonismo judicial. A conexão entre direito
e a moral, a discricionariedade judicial, as diferenças entre princípios e regras, bem
como a aplicação dos princípios na atividade judicial serão temas frontalmente
enfrentados. Será defendido o constitucionalismo garantista como melhor paradigma
teórico para o enfretamento de tal fenômeno, caracterizando-o como uma alternativa
posititivista. O referencial teórico eleito será cotejado com o constitucionalismo
principialista, cararacterizado como uma corrente não positivista. Em especial, serão
enfrentadas três características do constitucionalismo principialista que se chocam
frontalmente com o referencial teórico escolhido pelo presente trabalho. São elas: a)
pregação da superação do positivismo jurídico com base na tese da conexão
necessária entre direito e moral, ensejada pela inserção de valores morais nas
constituições; b) a diferenciação entre princípios e regras como normas estrutural e
qualitativamente diversas e c) o papel central conferido à ponderação dos princípios
na atividade jurisdicional. Por fim, será analisado um controverso dispositivo do
ordenamento jurídico brasileiro (art. 139, IV, do CPC), sob a perspectiva do
constitucionalismo garantista, com o fito de reforçar tal corrente como paradigma
teórico a ser seguido.
This work intends to discuss important themes for the theory of law and that surround the notorious and growing judicial protagonism. The connection between law and morality, judicial discretion, the differences between principles and rules, as well as the application of principles in judicial activity will be issues that are directly faced. Guaranteeism constitutionalism will be defended as the best theoretical paradigm to face such phenomenon, characterizing it as a positivist alternative. The chosen theoretical framework will be compared with principialist constitutionalism, characterized as a non-positivist current. In particular, three characteristics of principialist constitutionalism will be dealt with, which clash head-on with the theoretical framework chosen by the present work. They are: a) the preaching of overcoming legal positivism based on the thesis of the necessary connection between law and morality, created by the insertion of moral values in the constitutions; b) the differentiation between principles and rules as structural and qualitatively diverse norms and c) the central role given to the weighting of principles in jurisdictional activity. Finally, a controversial rule of the Brazilian legal system (article 139, IV of the CPC) will be analyzed, under the perspective of guaranteeism constitutionalism, with the aim of reinforcing this current as a theoretical paradigm to be followed
This work intends to discuss important themes for the theory of law and that surround the notorious and growing judicial protagonism. The connection between law and morality, judicial discretion, the differences between principles and rules, as well as the application of principles in judicial activity will be issues that are directly faced. Guaranteeism constitutionalism will be defended as the best theoretical paradigm to face such phenomenon, characterizing it as a positivist alternative. The chosen theoretical framework will be compared with principialist constitutionalism, characterized as a non-positivist current. In particular, three characteristics of principialist constitutionalism will be dealt with, which clash head-on with the theoretical framework chosen by the present work. They are: a) the preaching of overcoming legal positivism based on the thesis of the necessary connection between law and morality, created by the insertion of moral values in the constitutions; b) the differentiation between principles and rules as structural and qualitatively diverse norms and c) the central role given to the weighting of principles in jurisdictional activity. Finally, a controversial rule of the Brazilian legal system (article 139, IV of the CPC) will be analyzed, under the perspective of guaranteeism constitutionalism, with the aim of reinforcing this current as a theoretical paradigm to be followed
Palavras-chave
Protagonismo Judicial, Discricionariedade judicial, Princípios e regras, Direito e moral, Constitucionalismo Garantista, Constitucionalismo Principialista