Efeitos dos programas de prevenção de lesões no futebol: uma revisão de literatura integrativa
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Data
2021
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso embargado
Editora
Autores
Costa, Luana Vieira
Silveira, Tayara Dias
Orientador
Belmonte, Luana Meneghini
Coorientador
Resumo
O futebol profissional é o esporte popular e coletivo com maior incidência de lesões do sistema musculoesquelético. Essas lesões geram consequências negativas tanto para os atletas quanto para seus clubes. Por esse motivo buscam-se ações, atividades e programas preventivos a fim de prevenir ou diminuir as lesões esportivas. Este estudo, por meio de uma revisão de literatura integrativa descreveu os efeitos dos programas de prevenção de lesões no futebol. Os estudos foram selecionados das bases de dados: Medline, Research Gate, Scielo e Pubmed. Os programas de prevenção de lesões encontrados nos estudos foram: FIFA 11+, The 11, Programa de prevenção de lesões na virilha, Exercício de Adução de Copenhagen, Exercícios Limitadores e Programa de prevenção estruturado. As variáveis encontradas foram frequência, mecanismo, tipo, gravidade, incidência, risco, prevalência e taxa de lesões; dias de afastamento pelas lesões; conformidade da intervenção. O programa FIFA 11+ promoveu efeitos positivos sobre as variáveis frequência, mecanismo, gravidade, dias de afastamento e conformidade da intervenção. Os programas The 11 e Exercícios Limitadores não afetaram as variáveis gravidade, incidência e taxa de lesões. O exercício de Adução de Copenhagen mostrou-se efetivo para redução do risco e prevalência de lesões de virilha. Em contrapartida o programa de prevenção de lesões na virilha não reduziu o risco dessas lesões. O programa de prevenção estruturado foi eficaz na redução de frequência de lesões nos jogos e nos treinos. Concluiu-se que alguns programas com abordagem preventiva preveniram ou minimizaram as lesões em atletas de futebol.
Professional soccer is the popular and collective sport with the highest incidence of musculoskeletal system injuries. These injuries have negative consequences for both athletes and their clubs. For this reason, preventive actions, activities and programs are sought in order to prevent or reduce sports injuries. This study, through an integrative literature review, described the effects of injury prevention programs in football. The studies were selected from the databases: Medline, Research Gate, Scielo and Pubmed. The injury prevention programs found in the studies were: FIFA 11+, The 11, Groin Injury Prevention Program, Copenhagen Adduction Exercise, Limiting Exercises, and Structured Prevention Program. The variables found were frequency, mechanism, type, severity, incidence, risk, prevalence and rate of injuries; days of absence due to injuries; compliance of the intervention. The FIFA 11+ program had positive effects on the frequency, mechanism, severity, days of absence and intervention compliance variables. The 11 and Limiting Exercises programs did not affect the variables of severity, incidence and rate of injuries. The Copenhagen Adduction exercise proved to be effective in reducing the risk and prevalence of groin injuries. In contrast, the groin injury prevention program did not reduce the risk of these injuries. The structured prevention program was effective in reducing the frequency of injuries in games and in training. It was concluded that some programs with a preventive approach prevented or minimized injuries in soccer athletes.
Professional soccer is the popular and collective sport with the highest incidence of musculoskeletal system injuries. These injuries have negative consequences for both athletes and their clubs. For this reason, preventive actions, activities and programs are sought in order to prevent or reduce sports injuries. This study, through an integrative literature review, described the effects of injury prevention programs in football. The studies were selected from the databases: Medline, Research Gate, Scielo and Pubmed. The injury prevention programs found in the studies were: FIFA 11+, The 11, Groin Injury Prevention Program, Copenhagen Adduction Exercise, Limiting Exercises, and Structured Prevention Program. The variables found were frequency, mechanism, type, severity, incidence, risk, prevalence and rate of injuries; days of absence due to injuries; compliance of the intervention. The FIFA 11+ program had positive effects on the frequency, mechanism, severity, days of absence and intervention compliance variables. The 11 and Limiting Exercises programs did not affect the variables of severity, incidence and rate of injuries. The Copenhagen Adduction exercise proved to be effective in reducing the risk and prevalence of groin injuries. In contrast, the groin injury prevention program did not reduce the risk of these injuries. The structured prevention program was effective in reducing the frequency of injuries in games and in training. It was concluded that some programs with a preventive approach prevented or minimized injuries in soccer athletes.
Palavras-chave
Lesão esportiva, Futebol, Prevenção de lesão, Programas de prevenção de lesão