A prematuridade durante a pandemia da COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa da literatura.
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Data
2021-12-15
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Jhulian Covre Rodrigues, Joanaine Zanotelli
Orientador
Delfino Borgmann, Andrea
Coorientador
Resumo
Objetivo: esta revisão teve como objetivo elucidar se os índices de prematuridade aumentaram durante a Pandemia da COVID-19.
Fontes de dados: a seleção dos estudos foi realizado por pesquisadores independentes, nos meses de agosto a outubro de 2021, nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), U.S. National Library of Medicine (Pubmed). Os descritores utilizados foram: “COVID-19” e “SARS-COV-2”, “prematuridade”, “neonato” e “gravidez” e seus respectivos termos na língua inglesa e espanhola.
Síntese de dados: foram selecionados 35 artigos e analisados os dados de 3.387 gestantes, 1.935 tinham teste RT-PCR positivo para COVID-19, a maioria estava no 3º trimestre de gestação, realizou parto vaginal, tinha obesidade como comorbidade e apresentava a doença de forma moderada. Em relação aos recém-nascidos, foram comparados os dados de 2.249 neonatos, 487 eram recém-nascido prematuro, 132 precisaram de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, 109 de suporte ventilatório ou oxigenioterapia e 26 apresentaram RT-PCR positivo para a COVID-19.
Conclusões: Embora não se possa afirmar que o parto prematuro tenha aumentado durante a pandemia de COVID-19, a necessidade de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e de suporte de oxigênio ou ventilatório não aumentou nos recém-nascidos de gestantes com COVID-19, assim como, o índice de transmissão vertical é baixo. São necessários mais estudos para o esclarecimento dos desfechos desta doença.
Objective: This review aimed to elucidate whether prematurity rates increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data sources: The selection of studies was carried out by independent researchers, from August to October 2021, in the following electronic databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), US National Library of Medicine (Pubmed). The descriptors used were: “COVID-19” and “SARS-COV-2”, “prematurity”, “newborn” and “pregnancy” and their respective terms in English and Spanish. Data synthesis: 35 articles were selected and data from 3,387 pregnant women were analyzed, 1,935 had a positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19, most were in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, performed vaginally, had obesity as a comorbidity and had the disease of moderate way. Regarding newborns, data from 2,249 newborns were compared, 487 were premature newborns, 132 needed a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, 109 needed ventilatory support or oxygen therapy and 26 had positive RT-PCR for COVID-19. Conclusions: Although it cannot be said that preterm delivery increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and oxygen or ventilatory support did not increase in newborns of pregnant women with COVID-19, thus like, the vertical transmission rate is low. More studies are needed to clarify the outcomes of this disease.
Objective: This review aimed to elucidate whether prematurity rates increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data sources: The selection of studies was carried out by independent researchers, from August to October 2021, in the following electronic databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), US National Library of Medicine (Pubmed). The descriptors used were: “COVID-19” and “SARS-COV-2”, “prematurity”, “newborn” and “pregnancy” and their respective terms in English and Spanish. Data synthesis: 35 articles were selected and data from 3,387 pregnant women were analyzed, 1,935 had a positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19, most were in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, performed vaginally, had obesity as a comorbidity and had the disease of moderate way. Regarding newborns, data from 2,249 newborns were compared, 487 were premature newborns, 132 needed a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, 109 needed ventilatory support or oxygen therapy and 26 had positive RT-PCR for COVID-19. Conclusions: Although it cannot be said that preterm delivery increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and oxygen or ventilatory support did not increase in newborns of pregnant women with COVID-19, thus like, the vertical transmission rate is low. More studies are needed to clarify the outcomes of this disease.
Palavras-chave
Prematuridade, COVID-19, SARS-COV-2