O papel do exercício físico aeróbico de baixa intensidade sobre o comprometimento do sistema nervoso central em um modelo animal de distrofia muscular congênita 1D
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Arquivos
Data
2015
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Soares, Jaime Amador
Orientador
Comim, Clarissa Martinelli
Coorientador
Resumo
Distrofia Muscular Congenita do tipo 1D e caracterizada por uma hipoglicosilacao da proteina ¿¿-Distroglicana (¿¿-DG), e isto pode estar fortemente implicada em um aumento da degeneracao do tecido muscular esqueletico e no desenvolvimento anormal do sistema nervoso central, levando ao comprometimento cognitivo. No entanto, a fisiopatologia do envolvimento do encefalo ainda nao esta clara. O exercicio fisico de baixa intensidade e conhecido por diminuir alguns parametros associados a degeneracao muscular em modelos animais de outras formas de distrofias musculares progressivas. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos de um protocolo de exercicio fisico aerobico de baixa intensidade sobre o envolvimento cognitivo e estresse oxidativo em tecido encefalico e do musculo gastrocnemio. Foram utilizados camundongos machos adultos, homozigotos (KO), heterozigotos (HT) e selvagens (WT). Ao completarem 28 dias de vida, foram submetidos a um protocolo de exercicio fisico de baixa intensidade por 8 semanas. Vinte quatro horas apos o ultimo dia de treinamento, os animais foram submetidos ao teste de esquiva inibitoria e ao teste de campo aberto, para avaliacao da memoria aversiva e de habituacao, respectivamente. As estruturas encefalicas do estriado, cortex pre-frontal, hipocampo e cortex e o musculo gastrocnemio foram retirados para avaliacao da carbonilacao de proteinas, peroxidacao lipidica e atividade da catalase e superoxido dismutase. Verificou-se o protocolo de exercicio fisico de baixa intensidade reverteu a alteracao na memoria aversiva e de habituacao. O aumento da carbonilacao de proteinas em estriado, cortex pre-frontal e hipocampo bem como a peroxidacao lipidica no cortex pre-frontal e hipocampo tambem foram revertidas pelo protocolo utilizado nos camundongos KO treinados em comparacao aos nao treinados. Ja na avaliacao da atividade antioxidante, o protocolo utilizado aumentou a atividade da catalase em hipocampo e cortex dos animais KO treinados quando comparados aos nao treinados. No gastrocnemio foi verificado que o uso do protocolo estudado diminuiu a carbonilacao de proteinas e a peroxidacao lipidica e aumentou a atividade da catalase e da superoxido dismutase. Em conclusao, pode-se inferir que a utilizacao de um protocolo de exercicio de baixa intensidade durante 8 semanas foi capaz de reverter o dano cognitivo e diminuir o estresse oxidativo em tecido encefalico e no musculo gastrocnemio de animais com DMC1D.
Congenital Muscular Dystrophy type 1D is characterized by a hipoglicosilacao of ¿¿-dystroglycan protein (¿¿-DG), and this can be strongly implicated in an increase of the degeneration of skeletal muscle tissue and abnormal development of the central nervous system, leading to cognitive impairment. However, the pathophysiology of brain involvement is still unclear. The low-intensity exercise is known to decrease some parameters associated with muscular degeneration in animal models of other forms of progressive muscular dystrophies. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of aerobic exercise protocol of low intensity on cognitive involvement and oxidative stress in brain tissue and the gastrocnemius muscle. It were used adult male, homozygous (KO), heterozygous (HT) and wild (WT) mice. To complete 28 days of life, they underwent a physical exercise protocol of low intensity for 8 weeks. Twenty four hours after the last day of training, animals were submitted to inhibitory avoidance test and open field test to evaluate the aversive and habituation memory, respectively. The structures of the brain striatum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and cortex and gastrocnemius muscle were taken for evaluation of protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase. There was low-intensity exercise protocol reversed the change in aversive memory and habituation. The increase in protein carbonylation in striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were also reversed by the protocol used in the trained KO mice in comparison to nontrained. In the evaluation of the antioxidant activity, the protocol used increased catalase activity in hippocampus and cortex of the animals trained KO compared to untrained. The gastrocnemius was found that the use of the study protocol decreased the protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation and increased activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the use of low intensity exercise protocol for 8 weeks was able to reverse the cognitive damage and reduce oxidative stress in brain tissue and in the gastrocnemius muscle of animals with DMC1D.
Congenital Muscular Dystrophy type 1D is characterized by a hipoglicosilacao of ¿¿-dystroglycan protein (¿¿-DG), and this can be strongly implicated in an increase of the degeneration of skeletal muscle tissue and abnormal development of the central nervous system, leading to cognitive impairment. However, the pathophysiology of brain involvement is still unclear. The low-intensity exercise is known to decrease some parameters associated with muscular degeneration in animal models of other forms of progressive muscular dystrophies. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of aerobic exercise protocol of low intensity on cognitive involvement and oxidative stress in brain tissue and the gastrocnemius muscle. It were used adult male, homozygous (KO), heterozygous (HT) and wild (WT) mice. To complete 28 days of life, they underwent a physical exercise protocol of low intensity for 8 weeks. Twenty four hours after the last day of training, animals were submitted to inhibitory avoidance test and open field test to evaluate the aversive and habituation memory, respectively. The structures of the brain striatum, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and cortex and gastrocnemius muscle were taken for evaluation of protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase. There was low-intensity exercise protocol reversed the change in aversive memory and habituation. The increase in protein carbonylation in striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were also reversed by the protocol used in the trained KO mice in comparison to nontrained. In the evaluation of the antioxidant activity, the protocol used increased catalase activity in hippocampus and cortex of the animals trained KO compared to untrained. The gastrocnemius was found that the use of the study protocol decreased the protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation and increased activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the use of low intensity exercise protocol for 8 weeks was able to reverse the cognitive damage and reduce oxidative stress in brain tissue and in the gastrocnemius muscle of animals with DMC1D.
Palavras-chave
Distrofia muscular, Estresse oxidativo, Exercícios aeróbicos, Exercícios físicos