Atenção ao paciente oncopediátrico: reabilitação hospitalar e ambulatorial.
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
DAMASCENO, Isabelly Vitória da Silva
MEDEIROS, Letícia Caline Caciano de
Orientador
SILVA, Ricardo Rodrigues da, MADRUGA, Marcela Laís
Coorientador
MADRUGA, Marcela Laís Lima Holmes
Resumo
Introdução: O câncer infanto-juvenil é um problema de saúde pública. A patologia, segundo a Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde (OPAS), considera-se como o crescimento desordenado de células anormais que podem atingir órgãos, causar metástase e levar o paciente a óbito. O tratamento é realizado por meio de quimioterapia, radioterapia e/ou procedimentos cirúrgicos. A fisioterapia vai atuar na promoção de bem-estar, qualidade de vida e controle dos sintomas causados pelo tratamento, como: dor, fadiga, perda de força muscular e diminuição da densidade óssea. Objetivo: Destacar o impacto da reabilitação fisioterapêutica no paciente oncopediátrico, por meio de desfechos e protocolos nos âmbitos hospitalar e ambulatorial. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando-se das bases de dados, nos últimos 10 anos (2013-2023): PubMed, Embase, Physiotherapy Evidence Database - PEDro, biblioteca eletrônica Scientific Eletronic Library On-line (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Cochrane. Resultados e discussão: Foram encontrados 499 artigos, dos quais apenas 6 foram selecionados para compor a pesquisa. Abordagens como gameterapia e o treino aeróbico associado ao treino de força foram benéficos para a melhora dos pacientes no cenário ambulatorial. Poucos estudos foram encontrados sobre terapia intensiva, mas a mobilização precoce pediátrica na UTI diminui a incidência de delirium e efeitos do imobilismo. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos na revisão integrativa da literatura, através de 11 programas de exercícios, trouxeram resultados satisfatórios na aptidão cardiorrespiratória, aumento de força muscular e avanço na melhora da qualidade de vida. Sobre atenção nas UTIs, mais estudos precisam ser realizados para que haja uma maior qualidade de evidências.
Introduction: Pediatric cancer is a public health issue. According to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), this pathology is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that can affect organs, cause metastasis, and lead to the patient's death. Treatment is carried out through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or surgical procedures. Physiotherapy plays a role in promoting well-being, quality of life, and managing symptoms caused by treatment, such as pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, and decreased bone density. Objectives: To highlight the impact of physiotherapeutic rehabilitation on pediatric oncology patients, through outcomes and protocols in both hospital and outpatient settings. Methods: Integrative literature review using databases from the last 10 years (2013- 2023): PubMed, Embase, Physiotherapy Evidence Database - PEDro, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), and Cochrane. Results and discussion: A total of 499 articles were found, of which only 6 were selected for the study. Approaches such as gametherapy and aerobic training combined with strength training were beneficial for improving patients in the outpatient setting. Few studies were found on intensive therapy, but early pediatric mobilization in the ICU reduces the incidence of delirium and the effects of immobility. Conclusion: The results obtained in the integrative literature review, through exercise programs, yielded satisfactory outcomes in cardiorespiratory fitness, increased muscle strength, and advancements in improving quality of life. Regarding ICU care, more studies need to be conducted to enhance the quality of evidence.
Introduction: Pediatric cancer is a public health issue. According to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), this pathology is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that can affect organs, cause metastasis, and lead to the patient's death. Treatment is carried out through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or surgical procedures. Physiotherapy plays a role in promoting well-being, quality of life, and managing symptoms caused by treatment, such as pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, and decreased bone density. Objectives: To highlight the impact of physiotherapeutic rehabilitation on pediatric oncology patients, through outcomes and protocols in both hospital and outpatient settings. Methods: Integrative literature review using databases from the last 10 years (2013- 2023): PubMed, Embase, Physiotherapy Evidence Database - PEDro, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), and Cochrane. Results and discussion: A total of 499 articles were found, of which only 6 were selected for the study. Approaches such as gametherapy and aerobic training combined with strength training were beneficial for improving patients in the outpatient setting. Few studies were found on intensive therapy, but early pediatric mobilization in the ICU reduces the incidence of delirium and the effects of immobility. Conclusion: The results obtained in the integrative literature review, through exercise programs, yielded satisfactory outcomes in cardiorespiratory fitness, increased muscle strength, and advancements in improving quality of life. Regarding ICU care, more studies need to be conducted to enhance the quality of evidence.
Palavras-chave
câncer pediátrico;, fisioterapia;, exercícios;, mobilização precoce, qualidade de vida