Prevalência de leptospirose no Brasil entre 2007 e 2020
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Data
2022-11-29
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
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Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso embargado
Editora
Autores
Francelino, Eduarda
Medeiros, Karolaine
Orientador
Martins, Ana Luisa Oenning
Coorientador
Resumo
A leptospirose é causada pela bactéria espiroqueta do gênero Leptospira. A infecção pode ocorrer através de cortes ou lesões quando em contato com água, solo ou alimentos contaminados, e através das mucosas, como olhos, boca ou nariz. A gravidade da doença está relacionada com o gênero das leptospiras, em que a doença pode ocorrer desde a forma aguda sem manifestações até a um quadro mais grave. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de leptospirose no período de 2007 a 2020. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico de delineamento ecológico, onde os dados foram coletados na base de dados do SINAN referente às Doenças Agravos de Notificação de 2007 em diante. Foram notificados 50.802 registros de casos, sendo 79,93% do sexo masculino e 20,05% do sexo feminino e predomínio na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos. A maior parte dos indivíduos notificados se autodeclararam brancos (46%). No que se refere à evolução, 83% dos casos evoluíram para a cura, e em 2020 houve uma diminuição significativa no número de casos. Embora a leptospirose seja uma doença relacionada a situações endêmicas no Brasil, são necessárias melhorias na detecção precoce e estratégias eficazes em larga escala para garantir a saúde e a segurança da população.
Leptospirosis is caused by the spirochete bacterium of the genus Leptospira. Infection can occur through cuts or injuries when in contact with contaminated water, soil, or food, and through mucous membranes such as the eyes, mouth, or nose. The severity of the disease is related to the genus of leptospirosis, in which the disease can occur from an acute form without manifestations to a more severe condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of leptospirosis in the period from 2007 to 2020. This is an epidemiological study of ecological design, where data were collected in the SINAN database referring to Notifiable Diseases from 2007 onwards. A total of 50,802 case records were reported, 79.93% male and 20.05% female, predominantly in the age group from 20 to 59 years. Most of the reported individuals declared themselves to be white (46%). With regard to evolution, 83% of cases progressed to cure, and in 2020 there was a significant decrease in the number of cases. Although leptospirosis is a disease related to endemic situations in Brazil, improvements in early detection and effective strategies on a large scale are needed to ensure the health and safety of the population.
Leptospirosis is caused by the spirochete bacterium of the genus Leptospira. Infection can occur through cuts or injuries when in contact with contaminated water, soil, or food, and through mucous membranes such as the eyes, mouth, or nose. The severity of the disease is related to the genus of leptospirosis, in which the disease can occur from an acute form without manifestations to a more severe condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of leptospirosis in the period from 2007 to 2020. This is an epidemiological study of ecological design, where data were collected in the SINAN database referring to Notifiable Diseases from 2007 onwards. A total of 50,802 case records were reported, 79.93% male and 20.05% female, predominantly in the age group from 20 to 59 years. Most of the reported individuals declared themselves to be white (46%). With regard to evolution, 83% of cases progressed to cure, and in 2020 there was a significant decrease in the number of cases. Although leptospirosis is a disease related to endemic situations in Brazil, improvements in early detection and effective strategies on a large scale are needed to ensure the health and safety of the population.
Palavras-chave
Prevalência, Leptospirose