Avaliação do estado nutricional e fatores relacionados de pacientes pediátricos da Liga Norte Riograndense contra o Câncer – Unidade Policlínica
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Data
2022-12-08
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso fechado
Editora
Autores
Freitas, Jean silva de
Cavalcanti, Evellyn Monick De Oliveira Cabral Araújo
Orientador
Lima, Mabelle Alves Ferreira de
Coorientador
Resumo
O câncer é uma doença crônica multicausal, que se caracteriza pela replicação anormal do número de células que invadem órgãos e tecidos, determinando a formação de tumores malignos. Diversos estudos correlacionam o estado nutricional do paciente ao aumento da morbidade ou mortalidade ocasionadas pela Câncer. A desnutrição é um agravo comum nesta enfermidade e está associada ao maior risco de complicações, especialmente no público infantojuvenil. A avaliação nutricional desses pacientes, seja no âmbito hospitalar, clínico ou domiciliar, em qualquer faixa etária, é de grande importância para evitar casos de desnutrição e melhorar a resposta do indivíduo ao tratamento. Assim, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional e fatores associados dos pacientes entrevistados. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida sob a forma de um estudo transversal realizado com 16 pacientes do setor de pediatria da Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer, por meio da aplicação de um questionário com os pais ou responsáveis, de crianças e/ou adolescentes, na faixa etária de 1 a 18 anos, onde foram avaliados parâmetros antropométricos relacionados a estatura, peso e o índice de massa corporal (IMC) relacionando-os aos padrões para a idade segundo critérios adotados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), os sintomas e o tratamento. Essas informações resultaram em uma prevalência de neoplasias no público feminino, maior frequência de baixo IMC por idade, náuseas como sendo o sintoma mais referido e a quimioterapia como tratamento mais utilizado. Com base na análise dos dados, concluímos que, há uma provável relação entre o declínio do estado nutricional, a doença, os sintomas e o tratamento dos pacientes da presente amostra. Observou-se também o quão importante é a terapia nutricional nesse tratamento, visando minimizar o declínio no estado nutricional do paciente.
Cancer is a chronic multicausal disease that is characterized by the abnormal replication of the number of cells that invade organs and tissues, determining the formation of malignant tumors. Several studies correlate the nutritional status of the patient to increased morbidity or mortality caused by cancer. Malnutrition is a common affliction in this disease and is associated with a higher risk of complications, especially in children and teenagers. The nutritional evaluation of these patients, whether in the hospital, clinical or home setting, in any age group, is of great importance to avoid cases of malnutrition and improve the individual's response to treatment. Thus, this work had as a objective the early identification of the nutritional status of pediatric oncology patients. The research was developed in the form of a cross-sectional study carried out with 16 patients in the pediatric ward of the Norte Riograndense League Against Cancer, through the application of a questionnaire with parents or guardians of children and/or adolescents aged 1 to 18 years, where anthropometric parameters related to height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated, relating them to the standards for age according to criteria adopted by the World Health Organization, the symptoms and treatment. This information resulted in a prevalence of neoplasms in the female public, a higher frequency of low BMI for age, nausea as the most reported symptom and chemotherapy as the most used treatment. Based on the analysis of the data, we concluded that there is a probable relationship between the decline in nutritional status, the disease, the symptoms and the treatment of the patients in this sample. We also concluded how important nutritional therapy is in this treatment, aiming to minimize the decline in the patient's nutritional status.
Cancer is a chronic multicausal disease that is characterized by the abnormal replication of the number of cells that invade organs and tissues, determining the formation of malignant tumors. Several studies correlate the nutritional status of the patient to increased morbidity or mortality caused by cancer. Malnutrition is a common affliction in this disease and is associated with a higher risk of complications, especially in children and teenagers. The nutritional evaluation of these patients, whether in the hospital, clinical or home setting, in any age group, is of great importance to avoid cases of malnutrition and improve the individual's response to treatment. Thus, this work had as a objective the early identification of the nutritional status of pediatric oncology patients. The research was developed in the form of a cross-sectional study carried out with 16 patients in the pediatric ward of the Norte Riograndense League Against Cancer, through the application of a questionnaire with parents or guardians of children and/or adolescents aged 1 to 18 years, where anthropometric parameters related to height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated, relating them to the standards for age according to criteria adopted by the World Health Organization, the symptoms and treatment. This information resulted in a prevalence of neoplasms in the female public, a higher frequency of low BMI for age, nausea as the most reported symptom and chemotherapy as the most used treatment. Based on the analysis of the data, we concluded that there is a probable relationship between the decline in nutritional status, the disease, the symptoms and the treatment of the patients in this sample. We also concluded how important nutritional therapy is in this treatment, aiming to minimize the decline in the patient's nutritional status.
Palavras-chave
Avaliação Nutricional, Câncer infanto-juvenil, Estado nutricional, Perfil nutricional, Oncologia Pediátrica