Complicações no uso da toxina botulínica do tipo A: Uma revisão bibliográfica nos efeitos adversos da aplicação no terço superior da face.
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
CHACON, Milena Cristina e Silva
Orientador
FERREIRA, Sarah de Sousa
Coorientador
Resumo
A Toxina Botulínica do tipo A é uma das mais utilizadas no Brasil para fins estéticos, sua injeção vai reduzir as rugas dinâmicas da região tratada, onde sua ação na musculatura atua quebrando a proteína SNAP-25 impedindo que o neurotransmissor acetilcolina venha chegar até o musculo alvo e contrair, por isso causa o relaxamento do musculo alvo. Na sua aplicabilidade é possível que obtenha intercorrências indesejadas, no terço superior da face as complicações mais ocorrentes são oculares em maior incidência é a Blefaroptose e a ptose de sobrancelha. Neste sentido, objetivo deste trabalho foi aprofundar o conhecimento na da ptose palpebral como uma consequência da toxina botulínica e como reduzir o seu risco. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada em três bases de dados: DYNAMED, Google Acadêmico, PUBMED. A seguinte pesquisa estratégia utilizada: Clostridium botulinum, toxina botulínica, efeitos adversos, história da toxina, intercorrências, ptose, blefaroptose. A pesquisa foi realizada com o intuito de entender mais afundo sobre a Toxina Botulínica do tipo A, seus benefícios e complicações associadas ao mau uso, voltado apenas para o terço superior da face e foram descartados os artigos que não tinham relação com o tema em foco da pesquisa. Pode-se concluir que para diminuir os riscos da ptose palpebral ou até mesmo de outros complicações associadas a aplicabilidade da toxina botulínica do tipo A para fiz estéticos, deve-se realizar uma profilaxia prévia, ou seja, medidas preventivas associadas a uma boa avaliação anatômica e anamnese do paciente, levando em consideração idade, estilo de vida e histórico de condições neurológicas.
Botulinum Toxin type A is one of the most used in Brazil for aesthetic purposes, its injection will reduce dynamic wrinkles in the treated region, where its action on the musculature acts by breaking down the SNAP-25 protein preventing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from reaching the target muscle and contracting, so it causes relaxation of the target muscle. In its applicability, it is possible to obtain unwanted complications, in the upper third of the face the most common complications are ocular, in higher incidence is Blepharoptosis and eyebrow ptosis. In this sense, the objective of this work was to deepen knowledge of eyelid ptosis because of botulinum toxin and how to reduce its risk. To this end, a bibliographical search was carried out in three databases: DYNAMED, Google Scholar, PUBMED. The following research strategy was used: Clostridium botulinum, botulinum toxin, adverse effects, history of the toxin, complications, ptosis, blepharoptosis. The research was carried out with the aim of understanding more deeply about Botulinum Toxin type A, its benefits and complications associated with misuse, focusing only on the upper third of the face and articles that had no relation to the topic in focus were discarded. of the research. It can be concluded that to reduce the risks of eyelid ptosis or even other complications associated with the applicability of botulinum toxin type A for aesthetic purposes, prior prophylaxis must be carried out, that is, preventive measures associated with a good anatomical assessment. and patient anamnesis, taking into account age, lifestyle and history of neurological conditions.
Botulinum Toxin type A is one of the most used in Brazil for aesthetic purposes, its injection will reduce dynamic wrinkles in the treated region, where its action on the musculature acts by breaking down the SNAP-25 protein preventing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from reaching the target muscle and contracting, so it causes relaxation of the target muscle. In its applicability, it is possible to obtain unwanted complications, in the upper third of the face the most common complications are ocular, in higher incidence is Blepharoptosis and eyebrow ptosis. In this sense, the objective of this work was to deepen knowledge of eyelid ptosis because of botulinum toxin and how to reduce its risk. To this end, a bibliographical search was carried out in three databases: DYNAMED, Google Scholar, PUBMED. The following research strategy was used: Clostridium botulinum, botulinum toxin, adverse effects, history of the toxin, complications, ptosis, blepharoptosis. The research was carried out with the aim of understanding more deeply about Botulinum Toxin type A, its benefits and complications associated with misuse, focusing only on the upper third of the face and articles that had no relation to the topic in focus were discarded. of the research. It can be concluded that to reduce the risks of eyelid ptosis or even other complications associated with the applicability of botulinum toxin type A for aesthetic purposes, prior prophylaxis must be carried out, that is, preventive measures associated with a good anatomical assessment. and patient anamnesis, taking into account age, lifestyle and history of neurological conditions.
Palavras-chave
blefaroptose, clostridium botulinum, efeitos adversos, intercorrências, ptose