A teoria dinâmica do ônus da prova e sua aplicabilidade no processo do trabalho
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Data
2018
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Santos, Cyntia Cordeiro
Orientador
Pedron, Flávio Barbosa Quinaud
Coorientador
Resumo
O presente trabalho examina a compatibilidade da teoria da distribuição dinâmica do ônus da prova com a teoria geral do processo e, mais especificamente, com o processo do trabalho. A referida técnica poderá ser empregada pelo julgador sempre que houver desequilíbrio entre as partes litigantes em matéria probatória, relacionadas à impossibilidade ou à excessiva dificuldade de uma das partes na produção da prova por quem detém o ônus ou, ainda, à maior facilidade na prova do fato contrário por quem não possui o ônus. Pela dinamização dos encargos probatórios, que se fundamenta nos princípios da isonomia e cooperação entre os sujeitos processuais, não é aceitável o estabelecimento abstrato e prévio do ônus da prova, bem como é indiferente a posição assumida pela parte na demanda e a natureza dos fatos discutidos. Neste estudo, analisa-se, primeiramente, os contornos do processo cooperativo, entendido como modelo de processo democrático, em oposição aos modelos inquisitivo e dispositivo de processo. Ato contínuo, distingue-se o direito constitucional processual e o direito processual constitucional, sendo pormenorizados os princípios constitucionais do devido processo legal, contraditório, isonomia e acesso à jurisdição qualitativo. Em seguida, são abordados aspectos referentes à teoria geral da prova e aspectos gerais acerca da teoria da distribuição dinâmica do ônus da prova. Por fim, são avaliadas a aplicabilidade da distribuição do ônus da prova no processo do trabalho, tanto antes quanto depois da Reforma Trabalhista (Lei n. 13.4067/2017),os requisitos para aplicação supletiva e subsidiária das normas do CPC/2015 ao processo laboral, a aplicabilidade da regra in dubio pro operario em matéria de prova e a possibilidade da distribuição dinâmica por convenção entre as partes.
This paper examines the compatibility between the theory of the dynamic distribution of the burden of proof on the procedural law in a general way and, specially, on labor procedural law. The aforesaid technique may be deployed by the judge always when there may be imbalance between the litigants in proof discipline, related to the impossibility or excessive difficulty of one of the parties on the production of the evidence to one who detain its burden or, still, to the major facility on the production of the evidence of the opposite fact by the one who does not detain its burden.By the dynamization of the burden of the proof, what is founded on the principles of isonomy and cooperation between the procedural subjects, it cannot be accepted the previous and abstract establishment of the burden of the proof, as well as it is indifferent the position assumed by the party on the suitcase and the nature of the facts discussed on that. On this study, it is analyzed, firstly, the outlines of the cooperation for settlement on a law, what is understood as a model of democratic procedure, in opposition to the inquisitorial and dispositive models of procedures. Onward, it distinguishes the procedure constitutional law and constitutional procedural law, where it describes in detail the constitutional principles of due process of law, contradictory, isonomy and qualitative access to the courts. On the sequence, it approaches aspects related to the general proof theory and general aspects of the theory of the dynamic distribution of the burden of proof. Eventually, are evaluated the applicability to the dynamic distribution of the burden of proof on labor procedural law, such before as after the labors law reform by the federal act n. 13.467/2017, the requisites to the supplementary and subsidiary application of the rules of the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code of 2015 to the labor procedure, the applicability of the rule in dubio pro operarioon the proof discipline and the possibility of application of the dynamic distribution of the proof by agreement of both parties.
This paper examines the compatibility between the theory of the dynamic distribution of the burden of proof on the procedural law in a general way and, specially, on labor procedural law. The aforesaid technique may be deployed by the judge always when there may be imbalance between the litigants in proof discipline, related to the impossibility or excessive difficulty of one of the parties on the production of the evidence to one who detain its burden or, still, to the major facility on the production of the evidence of the opposite fact by the one who does not detain its burden.By the dynamization of the burden of the proof, what is founded on the principles of isonomy and cooperation between the procedural subjects, it cannot be accepted the previous and abstract establishment of the burden of the proof, as well as it is indifferent the position assumed by the party on the suitcase and the nature of the facts discussed on that. On this study, it is analyzed, firstly, the outlines of the cooperation for settlement on a law, what is understood as a model of democratic procedure, in opposition to the inquisitorial and dispositive models of procedures. Onward, it distinguishes the procedure constitutional law and constitutional procedural law, where it describes in detail the constitutional principles of due process of law, contradictory, isonomy and qualitative access to the courts. On the sequence, it approaches aspects related to the general proof theory and general aspects of the theory of the dynamic distribution of the burden of proof. Eventually, are evaluated the applicability to the dynamic distribution of the burden of proof on labor procedural law, such before as after the labors law reform by the federal act n. 13.467/2017, the requisites to the supplementary and subsidiary application of the rules of the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code of 2015 to the labor procedure, the applicability of the rule in dubio pro operarioon the proof discipline and the possibility of application of the dynamic distribution of the proof by agreement of both parties.
Palavras-chave
Direito processual civil, Direito processual do trabalho, Distribuição dinâmica do ônus da prova, Prova, Ônus da prova