Suplementação com ácido fólico antes e durante gestação e a sua influência no TranstornodDo Espectro Autista
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Data
2023-06-19
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Santos, Marília Gabriella Bispo dos
Oliveria, Tácia Lorena Santana
Reis, Yasmim Vicente
Orientador
Carvalho, Fábio Luiz Oliveira de
Coorientador
Costa, Dalmo de Moura
Resumo
Por conta da série de sinais e sintomas apresentados, além da sua forma complexa,
o autismo foi incluso no grupo de transtornos do espectro autista (TEA), de acordo
com o DSM, Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais de 2013. Se
referindo a uma determinada sequência de danos que estão ligados ao
desenvolvimento neurológico, tipificado por movimentos repetitivos, além de
apresentar comprometimento na fala, interação social e comunicação. Este trabalho
tem como objetivo a análise técnica sobre a relação existente entre o uso do
ácido fólico pelas gestantes e o desenvolvimento do TEA. Sendo um estudo de
revisão integrativa embasado nas bases de dados: PUBMED, Google acadêmico,
BIREME e Scielo. Na composição do presente trabalho ocorreu a análise de
pesquisas que abordam temas sobre autismo, ácido fólico, diagnóstico do autismo
e epidemiologia do autismo, a fim de realizar um comparativo entre esses fatores.
Embora o seu mecanismo da etiopatogênese não seja de total conhecimento,
alguns estudos apontam que a ingestão de alguns nutrientes, como, o ácido fólico,
ao decorrer do desenvolvimento do embrião pode ter relação com o TEA. Desse
modo, é essencial verificar se há evidências que comprovem a relação entre a
suplementação do ácido fólico, antes e durante a gestação, com o autismo. Por
outro lado, estudos apontaram que o ácido fólico é de grande importância para que
o bebê tenha um bom desenvolvimento neurofisiológico, já que sua utilização pelas
gestantes está diretamente ligada ao fechamento do tubo neural e as funções
cognitivas da prole, mas a dose de utilização deve ser levada em consideração,
bem como a suplementação alimentar já utilizada por cada gestante que contém a
vitamina B12. No entanto, são necessárias mais pesquisas relacionadas ao tema,
para que assim sejam melhor investigados. Os autores dividem diferentes opiniões
da relação do ácido fólico e autismo, não dando as confirmações que comprovem a
influência. Contudo todos destacam que o uso dessa suplementação é importante
para que haja bom desenvolvimento do feto.
Due to the series of signs and symptoms presented, in addition to its complex form, autism was included in the group of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), according to the DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders from 2013. Referring to a certain sequence of damages that are linked to neurological development, typified by repetitive movements, in addition to presenting impairment in speech, social interaction and communication. This work aims at the technical analysis of the relationship between the use of folic acid by pregnant women and the development of ASD. Being an integrative review study based on the databases: PUBMED, Google academic, BIREME and Scielo. In the composition of this work, there was an analysis of researches that address topics about autism, folic acid, autism diagnosis and autism epidemiology, in order to make a comparison between these factors. Although its etiopathogenesis mechanism is not fully known, some studies indicate that the ingestion of some nutrients, such as folic acid, during the development of the embryo may be related to ASD. Thus, it is essential to verify if there is evidence that proves the relationship between folic acid supplementation, before and during pregnancy, with autism. On the other hand, studies have pointed out that folic acid is of great importance for the baby to have a good neurophysiological development, since its use by pregnant women is directly linked to the closure of the neural tube and the cognitive functions of the offspring, but the dose of use should be taken into account, as well as the food supplement already used by each pregnant woman that contains vitamin B12. The authors share different opinions about the relationship between folic acid and autism, not giving confirmations that prove the influence. However, all emphasize that the use of this supplementation is important for the good development of the fetus.
Due to the series of signs and symptoms presented, in addition to its complex form, autism was included in the group of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), according to the DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders from 2013. Referring to a certain sequence of damages that are linked to neurological development, typified by repetitive movements, in addition to presenting impairment in speech, social interaction and communication. This work aims at the technical analysis of the relationship between the use of folic acid by pregnant women and the development of ASD. Being an integrative review study based on the databases: PUBMED, Google academic, BIREME and Scielo. In the composition of this work, there was an analysis of researches that address topics about autism, folic acid, autism diagnosis and autism epidemiology, in order to make a comparison between these factors. Although its etiopathogenesis mechanism is not fully known, some studies indicate that the ingestion of some nutrients, such as folic acid, during the development of the embryo may be related to ASD. Thus, it is essential to verify if there is evidence that proves the relationship between folic acid supplementation, before and during pregnancy, with autism. On the other hand, studies have pointed out that folic acid is of great importance for the baby to have a good neurophysiological development, since its use by pregnant women is directly linked to the closure of the neural tube and the cognitive functions of the offspring, but the dose of use should be taken into account, as well as the food supplement already used by each pregnant woman that contains vitamin B12. The authors share different opinions about the relationship between folic acid and autism, not giving confirmations that prove the influence. However, all emphasize that the use of this supplementation is important for the good development of the fetus.
Palavras-chave
Ácido Fólico, Autismo, Gestação