Análise dos pontos críticos em sistemas de suspensão de bicicletas de alta performance: estudo de caso
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Data
2022-12-09
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Engenharias
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Motta, Gabriel Pinto da
Orientador
Mveh, Jean de Dieu Briand Minsongui
Coorientador
Resumo
O presente exposto apresenta um estudo dos elementos mecânicos, pneumáticos e hidráulicos que compõem os sistemas de suspensão traseiro e dianteiro das mountains bikes, bem como a análise dos principais pontos de fadiga e desgaste que incidem nas partes dos elementos suspensivos. Para tal feito, foi realizado um estudo de caso em três oficinas mecânicas da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, analisando as soluções aplicadas nos principais componentes de desgaste, afim de verificar a melhora da durabilidade dos sistemas de suspensão. Este trabalho também apresenta uma análise vibratória, realizada através de um ensaio de campo em Porto Alegre utilizando uma mountain bike, afim de analisar as frequências de excitação, amplitude vibracional e frequência de ressonância que incide sobre o sistema de suspensão. Através do estudo de caso realizado nas oficinas mecânicas, foi visto que as falhas e desgastes que as suspensões apresentam ao longo do tempo estão estreitamente relacionadas a falta de manutenção e ao uso inadequado da bicicleta pelos usuários. Com base nisso, criou-se um plano de manutenção preventiva para o sistema de suspensão das bicicletas, com frequência que varia de 5 a 200 horas, de acordo com o tipo de serviço a ser efetuado. No ensaio de vibração realizado, concluiu-se que para alcançar o valor crítico de ressonância, a velocidade na passagem dos obstáculos necessita alcançar a faixa dos 126 m/s, valor muito superior as velocidades médias exercidas durante provas de ciclismo profissionais, que permeiam a faixa dos 9 m/s. Com isso em vista, nota-se que as mountain bikes são seguras quando utilizadas em pistas e terrenos adequados, observando as instruções de uso descritas nos manuais de cada fabricante.
This article presents a study of the mechanical, pneumatic, and hydraulic elements that make up the rear and front suspension systems of bikes, as well as the analysis of the main points of failure and abrasion that affect the parts of the suspension elements. For this purpose, a case study was carried out in three mechanical workshops in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, analyzing the solutions applied to the main deterioration components to verify the improvement of the durability of the suspension systems. This work also presents a vibrational analysis, carried out through a field trial in Porto Alegre using a mountain bike, to analyze the excitation frequencies, vibrational amplitude, and resonance frequency that affects the suspension system. Through the case study carried out in the mechanical workshops, it was seen that the failures and abrasion that the suspensions present over time are equivalent to the lack of maintenance and the inappropriate use of the bicycle by users. Based on this, a preventive maintenance plan was created for the bicycle suspension system, with a frequency ranging from 5 to 200 hours, according to the type of service to be performed. The vibration test ascertained that to reach the critical resonance value, the speed in the passage of obstacles needs to achieve the range of 126 m/s, a value much higher than the average speeds exercised during professional cycling events, which permeate the range of 7.8 m/s. With this in mind, it is worth mentioning that mountain bikes are safe when used on suitable terrain and tracks, observing the instructions for use described in the manuals of each manufacturer.
This article presents a study of the mechanical, pneumatic, and hydraulic elements that make up the rear and front suspension systems of bikes, as well as the analysis of the main points of failure and abrasion that affect the parts of the suspension elements. For this purpose, a case study was carried out in three mechanical workshops in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, analyzing the solutions applied to the main deterioration components to verify the improvement of the durability of the suspension systems. This work also presents a vibrational analysis, carried out through a field trial in Porto Alegre using a mountain bike, to analyze the excitation frequencies, vibrational amplitude, and resonance frequency that affects the suspension system. Through the case study carried out in the mechanical workshops, it was seen that the failures and abrasion that the suspensions present over time are equivalent to the lack of maintenance and the inappropriate use of the bicycle by users. Based on this, a preventive maintenance plan was created for the bicycle suspension system, with a frequency ranging from 5 to 200 hours, according to the type of service to be performed. The vibration test ascertained that to reach the critical resonance value, the speed in the passage of obstacles needs to achieve the range of 126 m/s, a value much higher than the average speeds exercised during professional cycling events, which permeate the range of 7.8 m/s. With this in mind, it is worth mentioning that mountain bikes are safe when used on suitable terrain and tracks, observing the instructions for use described in the manuals of each manufacturer.
Palavras-chave
Ciclismo, Sistemas de suspensão, Mountain bike, Vibração, Manutenção