Canabinoides no tratamento de transtorno de ansiedade: revisão de literatura
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Data
2023-06-20
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Primo, Andréia Lopes
Fernandes, Jefferson Carlos Rocha
Xavier, Lucas Pereira
Fernandes, Max Luziano Souza
Orientador
Moraes Junior, Ricardo Costa
Coorientador
Resumo
Dentre os mais variados tipos de problemas de saúde mental, a ansiedade se destaca pela frequência e recorrência elevada em pessoas de todas as faixas etárias, sendo entendida como resposta adaptativa essencial para lidar com ameaças à sobrevivência, porém, em condições patológicas, manifesta-se como uma resposta desproporcional de medo a uma ameaça percebida. Embora existam tratamentos não farmacológicos para a ansiedade, muitos pacientes recebem medicamentos ansiolíticos para o controle da doença. Entretanto, esses medicamentos podem apresentar problemas à segurança do paciente. Assim, novas pesquisas têm se destacado envolvendo espécies do gênero Cannabis e suas substâncias para uso medicinais. Desse modo, o presente estudo objetivou de analisar os benefícios do uso da Cannabis para o tratamento da ansiedade através de uma revisão de literatura de estudos clínicos e pré-clínicos. Tratou-se de uma revisão de literatura, descritiva exploratória. Existe no mercado farmacêutico inúmeros medicamentos indicados para o tratamento da ansiedade, entretanto, nas últimas décadas o enfoque em medicamentos à base de canabinoides passou a ganhar destaque, de modo que estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos passaram a demonstrar importantes resultados para que seja desmistificado o uso de Cannabis em doses terapêuticas. Dessa forma, ficou evidenciado que os endocanabinoides controlam a ativação de vários circuitos neuronais, incluindo aqueles envolvidos no processamento do estresse neuroendócrino, o que justifica os estudos que avaliam os efeitos de canabinoides no controle e na gênese da ansiedade.
Among the most varied types of mental health problems, anxiety stands out due to its high frequency and recurrence in people of all age groups, being understood as an essential adaptive response to deal with survival difficulties, however, in pathological conditions, it manifests itself as a disproportionate fear response to a perceived threat. Although there are non-pharmacological treatments for anxiety, many patients receive anxiolytic drugs to control the condition. However, these drugs can present patient safety issues. Thus, new research has been highlighted involving species of the genus Cannabis and their substances for medicinal use. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the benefits of using Cannabis for the treatment anxiety through a literature review of clinical and preclinical studies. It was a literature review, descriptive and exploratory. There are drugs indicated for the treatment of anxiety in the pharmaceutical market, however, in recent decades the approach to cannabinoid-based drugs has gained prominence, so that preclinical and clinical studies have begun to demonstrate important results to demystify the use of Cannabis in therapeutic doses. Thus, it became evident that endocannabinoids control the activation of several neuronal circuits, including those involved in the processing of neuroendocrine stress, which justifies the studies that evaluated the effects of cannabinoids in the control and genesis of anxiety.
Among the most varied types of mental health problems, anxiety stands out due to its high frequency and recurrence in people of all age groups, being understood as an essential adaptive response to deal with survival difficulties, however, in pathological conditions, it manifests itself as a disproportionate fear response to a perceived threat. Although there are non-pharmacological treatments for anxiety, many patients receive anxiolytic drugs to control the condition. However, these drugs can present patient safety issues. Thus, new research has been highlighted involving species of the genus Cannabis and their substances for medicinal use. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the benefits of using Cannabis for the treatment anxiety through a literature review of clinical and preclinical studies. It was a literature review, descriptive and exploratory. There are drugs indicated for the treatment of anxiety in the pharmaceutical market, however, in recent decades the approach to cannabinoid-based drugs has gained prominence, so that preclinical and clinical studies have begun to demonstrate important results to demystify the use of Cannabis in therapeutic doses. Thus, it became evident that endocannabinoids control the activation of several neuronal circuits, including those involved in the processing of neuroendocrine stress, which justifies the studies that evaluated the effects of cannabinoids in the control and genesis of anxiety.
Palavras-chave
Ansiedade., Cannabis, Sistema Endocanabinoide, Tratamento