Ar-condicionado – Projeto de implantação em uma edificação familiar
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Data
2023-06-29
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Engenharias
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Figueiredo, Mônica Moraes de
Orientador
Bartex, Sergio Luiz Telles
Coorientador
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um projeto de ar condicionado em
uma edificação residencial unifamiliar localizada na zona norte de Porto Alegre, Rio
Grande do Sul. Em frente à residência existe uma árvore de sombreamento, na qual
sua raiz está em expansão por baixo da terra, levantando pisos, grades e até alterando
a estrutura da casa. Além disso, há riscos de queda de grandes galhos, ocasionando
prejuízo para os moradores. Por estes motivos ela será retirada, o que traz a
necessidade da implementação de ar condicionados, pois a incidência de luz solar
atingira a casa diretamente, aumentando sua temperatura. Para isso, foi realizada a
comparação da carga térmica por dois meios: com o auxílio de uma planilha de cálculo
implementada no software Microsoft Excel seguindo a NBR 16655-3 (2019), e a
“calculadora de btus” para ambientes da Frigelar, como um balizador dos resultados.
Foram Analisados diversos fatores de influência na temperatura, como iluminação,
quantidade de pessoas, equipamentos, e a insolação antes e depois da retirada da
árvore. Após à análise das diferenças de cargas, diante dos resultados apresentados,
foi comparado a implementação de dois tipos de sistemas, sendo um sistema
individualizado, climatizando cada peça individualmente, e o outro sistema, VRFVariable
Refrigerant Flow que é um sistema com várias evaporadoras e apenas uma
condensadora. Os resultados mostraram que a retirada da árvore aumenta em 34% a
carga térmica do ambiente que recebe carga intensa de sol. Efetuando os cálculos,
conclui-se que será necessário 80.545 BTU/h para atender a carga total da residência.
Na pesquisa de mercado o sistema de VRF tem um custo de R$62.875,00 e o sistema
de split instalado tem um custo de R$39.294,00. Apesar do custo ser de 37,5% mais
elevado, optou-se pelo VRF sendo ele mais amigável com o meio ambiente, pois seu
sistema de fluxo de gás refrigerante variável alcança a temperatura desejada mais
rápido, sem oscilações de energia, gerando uma economia de até 40% comparado
com o outro sistema. O retorno do investimento foi estimado em de 4 anos para a
diferença dos sistemas.
The present work aimed to carry out an air conditioning project in a single-family residential building located in the northern zone of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. In front of the residence, there is a shading tree whose root is expanding underneath the ground, lifting floors, fences, and even altering the structure of the house. Additionally, there are risks of large branches falling, causing damage to the residents. For these reasons, the tree will be removed, which necessitates the implementation of air conditioning since direct sunlight will reach the house, increasing its temperature. For this purpose, the thermal load was compared using two methods: with the aid of a calculation spreadsheet implemented in Microsoft Excel software following NBR 16655-3 (2019), and the "BTU calculator" for environments provided by Frigelar, as a benchmark for the results. Various factors influencing the temperature were analyzed, such as lighting, number of people, equipment, and insolation before and after the tree removal. After analyzing the differences in loads and considering the results presented, the implementation of two types of systems was compared: an individualized system, air conditioning each room individually, and the Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system, which consists of multiple indoor units and a single outdoor unit. The results showed that the removal of the tree increases the thermal load of the heavily sunexposed area by 34%. Through the calculations, it was concluded that 80,545 BTU/h will be necessary to meet the total load of the residence. In the market research, the VRF system has a cost of R$62,875.00, while the installed split system has a cost of R$39,294.00. Despite the cost being 37.5% higher, the VRF system was chosen as it is more environmentally friendly. Its variable refrigerant flow achieves the desired temperature more quickly, without energy fluctuations, resulting in savings of up to 40% compared to the other system. The return on investment was estimated at 4 years for the difference between the systems.
The present work aimed to carry out an air conditioning project in a single-family residential building located in the northern zone of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. In front of the residence, there is a shading tree whose root is expanding underneath the ground, lifting floors, fences, and even altering the structure of the house. Additionally, there are risks of large branches falling, causing damage to the residents. For these reasons, the tree will be removed, which necessitates the implementation of air conditioning since direct sunlight will reach the house, increasing its temperature. For this purpose, the thermal load was compared using two methods: with the aid of a calculation spreadsheet implemented in Microsoft Excel software following NBR 16655-3 (2019), and the "BTU calculator" for environments provided by Frigelar, as a benchmark for the results. Various factors influencing the temperature were analyzed, such as lighting, number of people, equipment, and insolation before and after the tree removal. After analyzing the differences in loads and considering the results presented, the implementation of two types of systems was compared: an individualized system, air conditioning each room individually, and the Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system, which consists of multiple indoor units and a single outdoor unit. The results showed that the removal of the tree increases the thermal load of the heavily sunexposed area by 34%. Through the calculations, it was concluded that 80,545 BTU/h will be necessary to meet the total load of the residence. In the market research, the VRF system has a cost of R$62,875.00, while the installed split system has a cost of R$39,294.00. Despite the cost being 37.5% higher, the VRF system was chosen as it is more environmentally friendly. Its variable refrigerant flow achieves the desired temperature more quickly, without energy fluctuations, resulting in savings of up to 40% compared to the other system. The return on investment was estimated at 4 years for the difference between the systems.
Palavras-chave
Climatização, Ar condicionado, Conforto Térmico, VRF, Inverter