Esquizofrenia: Teorias e Tratamentos: Uma Revisão da Literatura
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
TURATTI, Paola
SOUZA, Giovana Garcia de
Orientador
HUGO, Mirelle Bueno
Coorientador
Resumo
A esquizofrenia é um distúrbio complexo com causa incerta. Existem muitas teorias sobre o desenvolvimento desta doença, sendo a hiperfunção dopaminérgica a mais aceita. Tanto componentes genéticos e ambientais são considerados na expressão da doença. Em razão disso, o tratamento farmacológico baseia-se em curar os sintomas e não da doença em si. O uso de antipsicóticos visa melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes para que possam se reabilitar a sociedade. Este artigo apresenta uma descrição da esquizofrenia, suas teorias e uma análise comparativa entre o uso do Haloperidol, medicamento típico, e da Risperidona, medicamento atípico, com base em estudos clínicos realizados com pacientes diagnósticados com esquizofrenia desde o primeiro episódio psicótico até três anos de tratamento. Concluiu-se que os estudos clínicos não apontam de forma conclusiva uma superioridade entre a Risperidona e o Haloperidol, mas que ambos são eficazes no tratamento da esquizofrenia.
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with an uncertain cause. There are many theories regarding the development of this illness, with the dopamine hypothesis being the most accepted. Both genetics and environment are considered in the illness's expression. Because of that, the pharmacological treatment is based on treating the symptoms and not the disease. The use of antipsychotics seeks to improve the patient's quality of life so they can be rehabilitated into society. This article presents a description of schizophrenia, its theories, and a comparative analysis between the use of Haloperidol, a typical drug, and risperidone, an atypical drug, based on clinical studies made with patients who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia from the first psychotic episode up to three years of treatment. It was concluded that the clinical studies don’t show definitive superiority between risperidone and Haloperidol, but that both are effective in treating schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder with an uncertain cause. There are many theories regarding the development of this illness, with the dopamine hypothesis being the most accepted. Both genetics and environment are considered in the illness's expression. Because of that, the pharmacological treatment is based on treating the symptoms and not the disease. The use of antipsychotics seeks to improve the patient's quality of life so they can be rehabilitated into society. This article presents a description of schizophrenia, its theories, and a comparative analysis between the use of Haloperidol, a typical drug, and risperidone, an atypical drug, based on clinical studies made with patients who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia from the first psychotic episode up to three years of treatment. It was concluded that the clinical studies don’t show definitive superiority between risperidone and Haloperidol, but that both are effective in treating schizophrenia.
Palavras-chave
Esquizofrenia, Antipsicóticos, Haloperidol, Risperidona