Interseccionalidades no âmbito do estado nutricional de adolescentes em vulnerabilidade social do Brasil.
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
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Autores
MACHADO, Lorena Capistrano da Cruz
NUNES, Sayonara Taveira
Barbosa, Palloma Bezerra Cortez
Orientador
GUZEN, Fausto Pierdoná
Coorientador
VALE, Diôgo
Resumo
Introdução: A interseccionalidade no contexto de insegurança alimentar e nutricional, considerando grupos socioeconomicamente vulneráveis segundo gênero e cor/raça, parece se relacionar diretamente às maiores prevalências de desvios de estado nutricional entre adolescentes brasileiros. Para reconhecer essa realidade, o Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) permite o monitoramento de dados antropométricos dos usuários da Atenção Primária do Sistema Único de Saúde e em programas de transferência de renda de todas as fases da vida. Objetivo: Estimar as prevalências de déficit de estatura, de excesso de peso e de magreza entre adolescentes brasileiros participantes de programas de transferência de renda segundo critérios de sexo e cor/raça em 2022. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo ecológico descritivo, realizado a partir de dados secundários registrados no SISVAN no ano de 2022. A avaliação antropométrica foi realizada a partir dos indicadores estatura por idade e índice de massa corporal por idade. Resultados: Observou-se maior prevalência de déficit estatural em adolescentes indígenas de gênero feminino (26,42%) e masculino (22,42%), apresentando menor prevalência em meninos brancos (9,62%). Com relação às prevalências de obesidade, as meninas brancas apresentaram maior predominância (10,8%), em detrimento das meninas indígenas que obtiveram o menor percentual (7,4%). Em contrapartida, a magreza foi mais prevalente entre meninos brancos (4,9%) e menor, entre meninas indígenas (2,2%). Conclusão: Verificou-se importante diferenças interseccionais no estado nutricional entre adolescentes. Nesse sentido, o déficit de estatura associou-se à população indígena, a obesidade às adolescentes brancas e a magreza, aos adolescentes brancos. Com isso, constata-se que a população indígena deve ser foco de ações para reversão da desnutrição crônica, e as meninas brancas para a prevenção e o tratamento da obesidade. Isso reforça a necessidade da continuidade do monitoramento do estado nutricional e da realização de ações de enfrentamento para o cenário encontrado.
Introduction: Intersectionality within the context of food and nutritional insecurity, considering socioeconomically vulnerable groups, gender and color/race, appears to be directly related to deviations in nutritional status among Brazilian adolescents. To recognize this reality, the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) allows the monitoring of anthropometric data of users of Primary Care of the Unified Health System and in income transfer programs at all stages of life. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of stunting, overweight and thinness among Brazilian adolescents participating in income transfer programs according to sex and color/race criteria in 2022. Methods: This was a descriptive ecological study, carried out on based on secondary data registered in SISVAN in the year 2022. The anthropometric assessment was carried out using indicators of height for age and body mass index for age. Results: A higher prevalence of stunting was observed in indigenous female (26.42%) and male (22.42%) adolescents, with a lower prevalence in white boys (9.62%). Regarding the prevalence of obesity, white girls were more prevalent (10.8%), to the detriment of indigenous girls who had the lowest percentage (7.4%). On the other hand, thinness was more prevalent among white boys (4.9%) and less prevalent among indigenous girls (2.2%). Conclusion: There were important intersectional differences in nutritional status among adolescents. In this sense, stunting is associated with the indigenous population, obesity among white adolescents and thinness among white adolescents. Therefore, it appears that the indigenous population must be the focus of actions to reverse chronic malnutrition, and white girls for the prevention and treatment of obesity. This reinforces the need to continue monitoring nutritional status and carrying out actions to combat the scenario encountered.
Introduction: Intersectionality within the context of food and nutritional insecurity, considering socioeconomically vulnerable groups, gender and color/race, appears to be directly related to deviations in nutritional status among Brazilian adolescents. To recognize this reality, the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) allows the monitoring of anthropometric data of users of Primary Care of the Unified Health System and in income transfer programs at all stages of life. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of stunting, overweight and thinness among Brazilian adolescents participating in income transfer programs according to sex and color/race criteria in 2022. Methods: This was a descriptive ecological study, carried out on based on secondary data registered in SISVAN in the year 2022. The anthropometric assessment was carried out using indicators of height for age and body mass index for age. Results: A higher prevalence of stunting was observed in indigenous female (26.42%) and male (22.42%) adolescents, with a lower prevalence in white boys (9.62%). Regarding the prevalence of obesity, white girls were more prevalent (10.8%), to the detriment of indigenous girls who had the lowest percentage (7.4%). On the other hand, thinness was more prevalent among white boys (4.9%) and less prevalent among indigenous girls (2.2%). Conclusion: There were important intersectional differences in nutritional status among adolescents. In this sense, stunting is associated with the indigenous population, obesity among white adolescents and thinness among white adolescents. Therefore, it appears that the indigenous population must be the focus of actions to reverse chronic malnutrition, and white girls for the prevention and treatment of obesity. This reinforces the need to continue monitoring nutritional status and carrying out actions to combat the scenario encountered.
Palavras-chave
adolescentes, estado nutricional, interseccionalidade, insegurança alimentar