Uso de Opiódes no alívio da dor de pacientes em cuidados paliativos: revisão de literatura
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Arquivos
Data
2023-06-19
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Souza, Jailson Santos de
Orientador
Souza, Gabriel Cotrim de
Coorientador
Resumo
O cuidado paliativo é uma modalidade de atenção que visa beneficiar pessoas
que convivem com doenças graves. A dor é o sintoma mais frequente nas pessoas em
cuidados paliativos, o que afeta diretamente a qualidade de vida. O uso dos analgésicos
opióides é uma estratégia reconhecidamente eficaz nessa população. O objetivo geral
deste estudo é analisar a produção científica sobre o uso dos opióides no alívio da dor
de pacientes em cuidados paliativos. E como objetivos específicos têm-se: 1. Identificar
os desafios enfrentados no uso de opióides para o alívio da dor de pacientes em
cuidados paliativos; 2. Descrever as estratégias adotadas quanto ao seu uso no alívioda
dor de pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Metodologia: Trata-se de revisão de
literatura, de caráter descritivo, quantitativo realizado na plataforma ScienceDirect no
período de fevereiro a maio de 2023, a partir dos descritores “Pharmaceutical Service”,
“Palliative care”, “Pain”, “Analgesics”, “Opioid” e “Hospice care”, combinados entre
si através do operador boleano “AND”. Resultados: Após análise foram selecionados
14 artigos que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão e respondiam a questão norteadora do
estudo. Foi possível evidenciar que, apesar do reconhecido efeito benéfico do uso do
opióide no alívio da dor em cuidados paliativos, ainda existem diversos desafios para
um tratamento efetivo, entre eles destaca-se a dificuldade no acesso, a falta de
conhecimento e segurança da equipe profissional no manejo da dor; bem como os
efeitos adversos associados ao uso desse fármaco. Foi possível identificar também
estratégias exitosas na terapia com opióides nos cuidados paliativos, entre elas
destacam-se a elaboração e implementação de um plano de ação, educação em saúde,
e o trabalho em equipe interdisciplinar. Conclusão: Apesar das barreiras que dificultam
a efetividade do uso do opióide no alívio da dor de pacientes em cuidados paliativos,
já existem recursos suficientes capazes de enfrentá-las. Nesse sentido os profissionais
de saúde, em especial os farmacêuticos, p
Palliative care is a modality of care that aims to benefit people living with serious illnesses. Pain is the most frequent symptom in people undergoing palliative care, which directly affects their quality of life. The use of opioid analgesics is a recognized 3 effective strategy in this population. The general objective of this study is to analyze the scientific production on the use of opioids to relieve pain in palliative care patients. And the specific objectives are: 1. To identify the challenges faced in the use of opioids for pain relief in patients in palliative care; 2. To describe the strategies adopted regarding their use in relieving pain in patients undergoing palliative care. Methodology: This is a descriptive, quantitative literature review carried out on the ScienceDirect platform from February to May 2023, based on the descriptors "Pharmaceutical Service", "Palliative care", "Pain", "Analgesics", “Opioid” and “Hospice care”, combined with each other through the Boolean operator “AND”. Results: After analysis, 14 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria and answered the guiding question of the study. It was possible to show that, despite the recognized beneficial effect of the use of opioids in pain relief in palliative care, there are still several challenges for an effective treatment, among them the difficulty in access, the lack of knowledge and security of the professional team. in pain management; as well as the adverse effects associated with the use of this drug. It was also possible to identify successfulstrategiesin opioid therapy in palliative care, among which stand out the development and implementation of an action plan, health education, and interdisciplinary teamwork. Conclusion: Despite the barriers that make it difficult to effectively use opioids to relieve pain in palliative care patients, there are already enough resources capable of dealing with them. In this sense, health professionals, especially pharmacists, need to appropriate this knowledge and explore this field of action
Palliative care is a modality of care that aims to benefit people living with serious illnesses. Pain is the most frequent symptom in people undergoing palliative care, which directly affects their quality of life. The use of opioid analgesics is a recognized 3 effective strategy in this population. The general objective of this study is to analyze the scientific production on the use of opioids to relieve pain in palliative care patients. And the specific objectives are: 1. To identify the challenges faced in the use of opioids for pain relief in patients in palliative care; 2. To describe the strategies adopted regarding their use in relieving pain in patients undergoing palliative care. Methodology: This is a descriptive, quantitative literature review carried out on the ScienceDirect platform from February to May 2023, based on the descriptors "Pharmaceutical Service", "Palliative care", "Pain", "Analgesics", “Opioid” and “Hospice care”, combined with each other through the Boolean operator “AND”. Results: After analysis, 14 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria and answered the guiding question of the study. It was possible to show that, despite the recognized beneficial effect of the use of opioids in pain relief in palliative care, there are still several challenges for an effective treatment, among them the difficulty in access, the lack of knowledge and security of the professional team. in pain management; as well as the adverse effects associated with the use of this drug. It was also possible to identify successfulstrategiesin opioid therapy in palliative care, among which stand out the development and implementation of an action plan, health education, and interdisciplinary teamwork. Conclusion: Despite the barriers that make it difficult to effectively use opioids to relieve pain in palliative care patients, there are already enough resources capable of dealing with them. In this sense, health professionals, especially pharmacists, need to appropriate this knowledge and explore this field of action
Palavras-chave
Opioide, Dor, Cuidados paliativos