Estudo Comparativo de Projeto de Fundações para Loja Comercial
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Data
2023-07
Tipo de documento
Estudo de Caso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Engenharias
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Milbradt, Matheus Freitas
Orientador
Almeida, Alex Koch de
Coorientador
Resumo
No campo da geotécnica, em se tratando de fundações, existem diversos tipos de soluções para que se atendam às demandas construtivas. Faz-se necessário saber corretamente qual solução usar para cada tipo de solo. Existem dois grandes grupos de fundações: as rasas e as profundas. As rasas transmitem as cargas pela sua base; quanto às profundas, essas transmitem também pela base, mas principalmente pelo seu fuste em atrito com o solo. Este trabalho busca analisar um projeto de estacas e blocos de coroamento já existente e executado, e propõe uma solução em projeto do tipo sapata para comparar em termos de custo e desempenho se este atenderia de igual ou melhor modo a demanda de cargas da estrutura. Para o dimensionamento geotécnico da solução proposta, é analisado o estudo do solo, calculando-se as tensões admissíveis com base nos resultados do boletim do SPT (Standard Penetration Test). Verificam-se as cargas de projeto juntamente com as majorações e verificações com o auxílio dos métodos semiempíricos e após definidas as dimensões da sapata, foi realizado o dimensionamento estrutural utilizando o método das bielas e tirantes. Por fim, é feito o levantamento do quantitativo de materiais e serviços para a execução da solução com base no SINAPI (Sistema Nacional de Pesquisa de Custos e Índices da Construção Civil), e comparam-se as duas soluções para definir qual desempenha o melhor papel em termos de custo-benefício. Observou-se, pois, que a melhor solução para a edificação em estudo foi o método de Blocos sobre Estacas, custando este menos da metade do valor em comparação com o método por Sapatas.
In the field of geotechnics, when it comes to foundations, there are several types of solutions to meet constructive demands. It is necessary to know correctly which solution to use for each type of soil. There are two major groups of foundations: shallow and deep. The shallow ones transmit the loads through their base; as for the deep ones, they also transmit through the base, but mainly through their stem in friction with the ground. This paper seeks to analyze an already existing and executed design of piles and crowning blocks, and proposes a shoe footing design solution to compare in terms of cost and performance if it would meet the load demand of the structure in the same or better way. For the geotechnical dimensioning of the proposed solution, the study of the soil is analyzed, calculating the admissible stresses based on the results of the SPT bulletin (Standard Penetration Test). The design loads are verified along with the increases and verifications with the aid of semi-empirical methods and after defining the dimensions of the footing, the structural dimensioning is carried out using the strut and tie method. Finally, a survey is made of the quantity of materials and services for the execution of the solution based on SINAPI (National Research System of Civil Construction Costs and Indexes), and the two solutions are compared to define which one plays the best role in terms of cost-benefit. It was observed, therefore, that the best solution for the building under study was the method of Blocks on Stakes, costing less than half the price when compared to the Shoe Footing method.
In the field of geotechnics, when it comes to foundations, there are several types of solutions to meet constructive demands. It is necessary to know correctly which solution to use for each type of soil. There are two major groups of foundations: shallow and deep. The shallow ones transmit the loads through their base; as for the deep ones, they also transmit through the base, but mainly through their stem in friction with the ground. This paper seeks to analyze an already existing and executed design of piles and crowning blocks, and proposes a shoe footing design solution to compare in terms of cost and performance if it would meet the load demand of the structure in the same or better way. For the geotechnical dimensioning of the proposed solution, the study of the soil is analyzed, calculating the admissible stresses based on the results of the SPT bulletin (Standard Penetration Test). The design loads are verified along with the increases and verifications with the aid of semi-empirical methods and after defining the dimensions of the footing, the structural dimensioning is carried out using the strut and tie method. Finally, a survey is made of the quantity of materials and services for the execution of the solution based on SINAPI (National Research System of Civil Construction Costs and Indexes), and the two solutions are compared to define which one plays the best role in terms of cost-benefit. It was observed, therefore, that the best solution for the building under study was the method of Blocks on Stakes, costing less than half the price when compared to the Shoe Footing method.
Palavras-chave
Fundação, Estacas, Sapata, Bielas e Tirantes