Estudo epidemiológico da Covid-19 no nordeste brasileiro: recortes de gênero, raça, classe e região em torno da doença
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Data
2022-12-09
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso fechado
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Autores
Mota, Francisco Mikael Alves
Orientador
Queiroz Neto, Moacir Fernandes de
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Resumo
Desde 2019, o mundo foi impactado pela descoberta de uma nova variante do gênero dos Betacoronavírus, chamado de severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ou, simplesmente, coronavírus, cuja alta transmissibilidade e letalidade se mostraram um desafio nunca visto. Identificada primeiramente em Wuhan, China, a doença causada por esse agente, que infecta, principalmente, as vias respiratórias, viria a se espalhar por todo o mundo, caracterizando meses depois uma pandemia. Atualmente, já são mais de 640 milhões de infecções e 6 milhões e 600 mil mortes em virtude do vírus (números que, até então, seguem crescendo). O escritor e pesquisador Marcos Cueto em seu livro El Regreso De Las Epidemias (1997, p. 18) afirma que “a enfermidade não é um simples fato biológico”, ao refletir sobre como os processos de saúde e doença são determinados por diversos fatores. Sendo assim, o presente artigo busca, tomando como base a região nordeste do Brasil, esclarecer como a pandemia de Covid-19, doença causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, também é moldada pelo contexto social. Uma vez que a depender do gênero, raça, classe ou região as pessoas se mostram mais suscetíveis a se contaminarem com o microrganismo e sofrerem as consequências de seus agravos. Com essa finalidade, foram buscados dados em diversas fontes, como a plataforma Tabnet do Ministério da Saúde e em dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), que, ao serem associados, refletem as dimensões da problemática. Constatando-se, por fim, uma tendência da doença em gerar óbitos entre homens, pessoas pretas/pardas e em regiões menos favorecidas economicamente.
Since 2019, the world has been impacted by the discovery of a new variant of the genus Betacoronaviruses, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or simply coronavirus, whose high transmissibility and lethality have proved to be a challenge never seen before. First identified in Wuhan, China, the disease caused by this agent, which mainly infects the respiratory tract, would spread throughout the world, characterizing months later a pandemic. Currently, there are already more than 640 million infections and 6 million and 600.000 deaths due to the virus (numbers that, until then, continue to grow). The writer and researcher Marcos Cueto in his book El Regreso De Las Epidemias (1997, p. 18) states that "the disease is not a simple biological fact", when reflecting on how health and disease processes are determined by several factors. Therefore, this article seeks to clarify how the Covid-19 pandemic, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is also shaped by the social context based in the northeastern region of Brazil. Depending on gender, race, class or region, people are more susceptible to becoming infected with the microorganism and suffering the consequences of their conditions. For this purpose, data were gathered from several sources, such as the Tabnet platform of the Ministry of Health and in data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), which reflect the dimensions of the problem when associated. Finally, there is a tendency of the disease to generate deaths among men, black/brown people and in less economically favored regions.
Since 2019, the world has been impacted by the discovery of a new variant of the genus Betacoronaviruses, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or simply coronavirus, whose high transmissibility and lethality have proved to be a challenge never seen before. First identified in Wuhan, China, the disease caused by this agent, which mainly infects the respiratory tract, would spread throughout the world, characterizing months later a pandemic. Currently, there are already more than 640 million infections and 6 million and 600.000 deaths due to the virus (numbers that, until then, continue to grow). The writer and researcher Marcos Cueto in his book El Regreso De Las Epidemias (1997, p. 18) states that "the disease is not a simple biological fact", when reflecting on how health and disease processes are determined by several factors. Therefore, this article seeks to clarify how the Covid-19 pandemic, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is also shaped by the social context based in the northeastern region of Brazil. Depending on gender, race, class or region, people are more susceptible to becoming infected with the microorganism and suffering the consequences of their conditions. For this purpose, data were gathered from several sources, such as the Tabnet platform of the Ministry of Health and in data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), which reflect the dimensions of the problem when associated. Finally, there is a tendency of the disease to generate deaths among men, black/brown people and in less economically favored regions.
Palavras-chave
Coronavírus, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemia, Mortalidade, Vírus, Sociedade