Utilização de técnicas fisioterapêuticas aplicadas ao tratamento da esclerose múltipla: revisão integrativa da literatura.
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
MEDEIROS, Ana Gabryella da Silva
SILVA, Helen Beatriz Gomes da
Orientador
CÂMARA, Gislainy Luciana Gomes
Coorientador
FEITOSA
Resumo
A esclerose múltipla é uma doença neurodegenerativa inflamatória crônica do sistema nervoso central que causa a desmielinização das fibras nervosas do encéfalo e da medula espinhal, o sistema imunológico ataca a mielina prejudicando a comunicação entre o cérebro e o corpo, desencadeando uma série de distúrbios físicos e cognitivos. A fisioterapia desempenha um papel significativo no manejo dos sintomas e na melhoria da qualidade de vida para pessoas com esclerose múltipla, dispondo de diversas técnicas fisioterapêuticas que buscam promover a independência funcional, melhorar a mobilidade e prevenir complicações. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar os efeitos obtidos através da aplicação de práticas fisioterapêuticas em pacientes diagnosticados com esclerose múltipla. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico de materiais científicos publicados nos últimos 5 anos (2018 a 2023) nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), United States National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) nos idiomas português e inglês. Após análise, foram selecionados 6 artigos, onde os recursos fisioterapêuticos mais utilizados foram: exercícios aeróbicos, treino de força, treino de marcha, treino de equilíbrio, terapia aquática, ioga e pilates. Concluiu-se que as técnicas fisioterapêuticas são métodos capazes de colaborar para um progresso na força muscular, equilíbrio, mobilidade, diminuição de espasticidade, analgesia, progresso na realização de atividades diárias e bem-estar físico.
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that causes demyelination of the nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. The immune system attacks the myelin, impairing communication between the brain and the body, triggering a series of physical and cognitive problems. Physiotherapy plays a significant role in managing symptoms and improving the quality of life for people with multiple sclerosis, employing various physiotherapeutic techniques to promote functional independence, enhance mobility, and prevent complications. This study aims to identify and analyze the effects obtained through the application of physiotherapeutic practices in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. A literature review was conducted on scientific materials published in the last 5 years (2018 to 2023) in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), United States National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), and Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases in both Portuguese and English. After analysis, 7 articles were selected, where the most used physiotherapeutic resources included aerobic exercises, strength training, gait training, balance training, aquatic therapy, yoga, and pilates. It was concluded that physiotherapeutic techniques are methods capable of contributing to progress in muscle strength, balance, mobility, spasticity reduction, analgesia, progress in performing daily activities, and physical well-being.
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that causes demyelination of the nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. The immune system attacks the myelin, impairing communication between the brain and the body, triggering a series of physical and cognitive problems. Physiotherapy plays a significant role in managing symptoms and improving the quality of life for people with multiple sclerosis, employing various physiotherapeutic techniques to promote functional independence, enhance mobility, and prevent complications. This study aims to identify and analyze the effects obtained through the application of physiotherapeutic practices in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. A literature review was conducted on scientific materials published in the last 5 years (2018 to 2023) in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), United States National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), and Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases in both Portuguese and English. After analysis, 7 articles were selected, where the most used physiotherapeutic resources included aerobic exercises, strength training, gait training, balance training, aquatic therapy, yoga, and pilates. It was concluded that physiotherapeutic techniques are methods capable of contributing to progress in muscle strength, balance, mobility, spasticity reduction, analgesia, progress in performing daily activities, and physical well-being.
Palavras-chave
reabilitação, exercício físico, esclerose múltipla, fisioterapia, qualidade de vida