Estudo de falhas em sistemas de revestimento cerâmico aderido submetidos a ciclos de choque térmico
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Data
2022-05-18
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Engenharias
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Cremonesi, Guilherme Akyo
Orientador
Resende, Maurício Marques
Coorientador
Resumo
O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre as causas das falhas em Sistemas de Revestimento Cerâmico Aderidos (SRCA) submetidos à carregamentos cíclicos de choque térmico. As principais falhas em SRCA podem ser associadas à combinação e somatório de fatores que levam à solicitações excessivas e periódicas críticas à sua estrutura, resultando na perda da integridade de seus componentes. Isso implica na redução do seu desempenho levando-os ao surgimento do dano pela ocorrência de fissurações que resultarão no destacamento e desplacamento do revestimento cerâmico, e ocasionando gastos adicionais aos setores da construção civil e trazendo riscos à segurança da sociedade. De modo a contribuir com o avanço do conhecimento nessa problemática, desenvolveu-se um programa experimental e modelagens computacionais capazes de descrever os fenômenos físicos e os comportamentos mecânicos em resposta aos sucessivos ciclos de aquecimento e resfriamento brusco, considerando os efeitos de choque térmico. Para isso, desenvolveram-se dois protótipos físicos os submetendo a dez ciclos de ensaio de envelhecimento artificial acelerado dos quais mediram-se, por meio de sensores e utilizando a técnica de correlação digital de imagem (DIC), suas temperaturas, deslocamentos e deformações. Em seguida, modelos numéricos em elementos finitos foram desenvolvidos de modo a avaliar as distribuições de tensões a partir dos valores de temperatura e de deslocamentos dos protótipos físicos. A partir dos resultados experimentais e numéricos foi possível analisar e comparar as variáveis de estudo, entre os modelos com diferentes rigidezes e considerando a pré-existência de falhas na camada adesiva (argamassa colante), e associa-las à parte das causas que levam a falhas nesses sistemas, permitindo que medidas sejam tomadas na fase de projetos e manifestações patológicas futuras sejam evitadas, garantindo o desempenho e durabilidades dos SRCA. Considera-se que a pesquisa possui relação o objetivo de desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) 11: Indústria, inovação e infraestrutura, proposto pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU).
The work presents an experimental and numerical study on the causes of failures in Adhered Ceramic Tiling Systems (ACTs) subject to cyclic loads of thermal shock. The main failures in ACTs can be associated with the combination and sum of factors that lead to excessive and periodic critical stresses to its structure, resulting in the loss of the integrity of its components. This implies in the reduction of their performance, leading them to the appearance of damage due to the occurrence of cracks that will result in the detachment of the ceramic tiling, generating additional expenses for the civil construction sectors and risks to the safety of society. In order to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on this area, an experimental program and computational simulation were developed capable of describing the physical phenomena and mechanical behavior in response to successive cycles of heating and sudden cooling, considering the effects of thermal shock. For this, two physical prototypes were developed by submitting them to ten cycles of accelerated artificial aging test which were measured, using sensors and using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, their temperatures, displacements and deformations. Then, numerical models in finite elements were developed in order to evaluate the stress distributions from the temperature and displacements values of the physical prototypes. From the experimental and numerical results, it was possible to analyze and compare the study variables, between models with different stiffness and considering the pre-existence of voids (flaws) in the adhesive layer (adhesive mortar), and associate them with the part of the causes that lead to failures in these systems, allowing measures to be taken in the design phase and future pathological manifestations to be avoid, ensuring the performance and durability of the ACTs. t is considered that the research is related to the sustainable development goal (SDGs) 11: Industry, innovation and infrastructure, proposed by the United Nations (UN).
The work presents an experimental and numerical study on the causes of failures in Adhered Ceramic Tiling Systems (ACTs) subject to cyclic loads of thermal shock. The main failures in ACTs can be associated with the combination and sum of factors that lead to excessive and periodic critical stresses to its structure, resulting in the loss of the integrity of its components. This implies in the reduction of their performance, leading them to the appearance of damage due to the occurrence of cracks that will result in the detachment of the ceramic tiling, generating additional expenses for the civil construction sectors and risks to the safety of society. In order to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on this area, an experimental program and computational simulation were developed capable of describing the physical phenomena and mechanical behavior in response to successive cycles of heating and sudden cooling, considering the effects of thermal shock. For this, two physical prototypes were developed by submitting them to ten cycles of accelerated artificial aging test which were measured, using sensors and using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, their temperatures, displacements and deformations. Then, numerical models in finite elements were developed in order to evaluate the stress distributions from the temperature and displacements values of the physical prototypes. From the experimental and numerical results, it was possible to analyze and compare the study variables, between models with different stiffness and considering the pre-existence of voids (flaws) in the adhesive layer (adhesive mortar), and associate them with the part of the causes that lead to failures in these systems, allowing measures to be taken in the design phase and future pathological manifestations to be avoid, ensuring the performance and durability of the ACTs. t is considered that the research is related to the sustainable development goal (SDGs) 11: Industry, innovation and infrastructure, proposed by the United Nations (UN).
Palavras-chave
Simulações Computacionais, Ensaio de Envelhecimento Artificial Acelerado, Sistemas de Revestimento Cerâmicos Aderidos, Método dos Elementos Finitos, Correlação Digital de Imagem, Tensões e Deformações