Como a alimentação de idosos portadores de Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento de hemodiálise acarreta na piora do seu estado nutricional
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
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Autores
SILVA, Ludmylla Cristina Guerra, CARVALHO, Ana Luiza Pimenta
HERINGER, Caroline Amaral, MAGALHÃES, Ana Clara Miron
SOUZA, Andreia Fernandes de
Orientador
SILVEIRA, Tânia Maria Leite da
Coorientador
Resumo
RESUMO - Introdução: A doença renal crônica (DRC) é uma condição que causa danos progressivos à função renal e, em conjunto com um maior envelhecimento da população mundial, idosos têm sido acometidos com a doença, o que os leva a procurar o tratamento de hemodiálise. Porém, pouco se sabe ainda sobre a alimentação adequada para esse grupo de pacientes, quando associada com a DRC,uma vez que se trata de um público que apresenta condições clínicas bem específicas.
Objetivo: Analisar os resultados de estudos referentes como a alimentação de idosos portadores de Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento de hemodiálise acarreta na piora do seu estado nutricional.
Métodos: Este estudo apresenta uma revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada a partir da seguinte questão norteadora "Como o perfil alimentar dos idosos está diretamente relacionado ao seu estado nutricional durante o tratamento da DRC, através da hemodiálise?E qual o resultado observado na influencia de qualidade e sobrevida durante o tratamento?”. A partir de então, foram selecionados 20 artigos para análise dos resultados e futuras discussões.
Desenvolvimento: O envelhecimento da população traz desafios de saúde, como a doença renal crônica (DRC), com a hemodiálise sendo uma opção comum no Brasil. No entanto, pacientes enfrentam restrições dietéticas para evitar complicações, destacando a importância da avaliação nutricional contínua devido à prevalência da desnutrição energético-proteica. Isso está associado a riscos como mortalidade e fragilidade, impactando a qualidade de vida, especialmente em idosos. Em resumo, a gestão nutricional desempenha papel crucial na saúde e qualidade de vida de pacientes em hemodiálise, exigindo orientações personalizadas.
Considerações Finais: É crucial realizar mais estudos sobre o perfil alimentar de idosos em hemodiálise, dada a crescente população idosa e a demanda por esse tratamento. A melhoria da qualidade de vida e da saúde desses pacientes requer uma colaboração estreita com nutricionistas para desenvolver intervenções personalizadas, promovendo a melhora do perfil alimentar e o estado nutricional em um quadro clínico geral.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition that causes progressive damage to kidney function and, together with a greater aging of the world population, elderly people have been affected by the disease, which leads them to seek treatment for hemodialysis. However, little is still known about the appropriate diet for this group of patients, when associated with CKD, since this is a group of people with very specific clinical conditions. Objective: To analyze the results of studies regarding how the diet of elderly patients with Chronic Kidney Disease undergoing hemodyalysis treatment leads to the worsening of their nutritional status. Methods: This study presents a narrative review of the literature, carried out based on the following guiding question “How is the dietary profile of the elderly directly related to their nutritional status during the treatment of CDK through hemodialysis? And what is the result observed in the influence of quality and survival during treatment?”. From then on, 20 articles were selected for analysis of the results and future discussions. Development: The aging population brings health challenges, such as chronic kidney disease (CDK), with hemodialysis being a common option in Brazil. However, patients face dietary restrictions to avoid complications, highlighting the importance of continuous nutritional assessment due the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition. This is associated with risks such as mortality and frailty, impacting quality of life, especially in theelderly. In summary, nutritional management plays a crucial role in the health and quality of life of hemodialysis patients, requiring personalized guidance. Final Considerations: Itis crucial to conduct further studies on the dietary profile of aging people on hemodialysis,given the growing elderly population and the demand for this treatment. Improving the quality of life and health of these patients requires close collaboration with dietitians to develop personalized interventions, promoting the improvement of the dietary profile and nutritional status in a general clinical setting.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition that causes progressive damage to kidney function and, together with a greater aging of the world population, elderly people have been affected by the disease, which leads them to seek treatment for hemodialysis. However, little is still known about the appropriate diet for this group of patients, when associated with CKD, since this is a group of people with very specific clinical conditions. Objective: To analyze the results of studies regarding how the diet of elderly patients with Chronic Kidney Disease undergoing hemodyalysis treatment leads to the worsening of their nutritional status. Methods: This study presents a narrative review of the literature, carried out based on the following guiding question “How is the dietary profile of the elderly directly related to their nutritional status during the treatment of CDK through hemodialysis? And what is the result observed in the influence of quality and survival during treatment?”. From then on, 20 articles were selected for analysis of the results and future discussions. Development: The aging population brings health challenges, such as chronic kidney disease (CDK), with hemodialysis being a common option in Brazil. However, patients face dietary restrictions to avoid complications, highlighting the importance of continuous nutritional assessment due the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition. This is associated with risks such as mortality and frailty, impacting quality of life, especially in theelderly. In summary, nutritional management plays a crucial role in the health and quality of life of hemodialysis patients, requiring personalized guidance. Final Considerations: Itis crucial to conduct further studies on the dietary profile of aging people on hemodialysis,given the growing elderly population and the demand for this treatment. Improving the quality of life and health of these patients requires close collaboration with dietitians to develop personalized interventions, promoting the improvement of the dietary profile and nutritional status in a general clinical setting.
Palavras-chave
nutrição, idoso, doença renal crônica, hemodiálise, nutrition, elderly, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis