Ecoepidemiologia do envenenamento ofídico no Sul do Brasil.
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Arquivos
Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso fechado
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Autores
FRANCISCO, Edenilson Osinski
Orientador
PROPHIRO, Josiane Somariva
Coorientador
GUEDES, Thaís Barreto
Resumo
O envenenamento por serpentes é um problema de saúde global que acomete milhares de pessoas anualmente, deixando muitas com sequelas permanentes. Nesta dissertação analisamos nosso objetivo foi analisar a ecoepidemiologia de envenenamento ofídico no Sul do Brasil. Avaliamos a presença de serpentes peçonhentas e a distribuição espaço temporal do envenenamento ofídico no entre 2007 e 2020 no Sul do Brasil e as interações climáticas e de uso e cobertura que influenciam a incidência do envenenamento nesta macrorregião brasileira. No primeiro capítulo contabilizamos 28.153, a maioria destes foram de Bothrops spp. O Rio Grande do Sul foi o estado com maior número de notificações, mas Santa Catarina obteve a maior incidência média. Florianópolis foi o município do Sul com maior número de casos. Houve uma diferença estatística entre estações climáticas, os meses mais quentes tiveram os picos de notificação. Foram encontradas áreas com alta incidência de envenenamento ofídico e alta presença de serpentes peçonhentas. Acidentes crotálicos se concentraram no norte do Paraná, que obteve o maior número, apesar das notificações do acidente estarem presentes em todos os estados. Santa Catarina apresentou o maior número de envenenamento por elapídeos entres os estados da região. Apenas 23 municípios sulistas não tiveram registros de acidentes ofídicos, todos os de Santa Catarina já tiveram casos notificados de envenenamento por serpente.. No segundo capítulo encontramos que uma mistura de fatores de uso e cobertura de terra e clima foram o que melhor explicaram a influência ambiental na incidência de envenenamento ofídico na Região Sul. Agricultura e pastagem apresentaram efeitos negativos para a incidência total. A cobertura natural obteve uma relação positiva com a incidência de envenenamento total. A precipitação apresentou uma relação positiva com a incidência de envenenamento ofídico, a temperatura máxima do mês mais quente também foi positivamente correlacionada. Temperatura mínima e precipitação do mês frio tiveram uma associação negativa, junto à isotermalidade. A influência dos fatores climáticos e de uso de terra apresentaram diferenças entre os gêneros de importância médica. Envenenamento por Bothrops spp. e Micrurus spp. foram negativamente afetados por área de pastagem, enquanto a incidência de acidentes com C. durissus apresentou uma relação positiva com a área de pastagem. O envenenamento por serpentes apresentou respostas variadas para fatores climáticos e uso e cobertura de terra no Sul do Brasil. Os resultados encontrados poderão ser usados para guiar futuros estudos sobre serpentes na região e o planejamento de estratégias para a prevenção e mitigação de acidentes ofídicos
Snakebite envenoming is a global health problem affecting thousands of people annually, leaving many with permanent sequelae. In this dissertation, our objective was to analyze the ecoepidemiology of snakebite envenoming in Southern Brazil. We assessed the presence of venomous snakes and the spatiotemporal distribution of snakebite envenoming between 2007 and 2020 in Southern Brazil, as well as the climatic and land use and cover interactions influencing the incidence of envenoming in this Brazilian macroregion. In the first chapter, we documented 28,153 cases, with the majority being attributed to Bothrops spp. Rio Grande do Sul had the highest number of notifications, but Santa Catarina exhibited the highest average incidence. Florianópolis was the southern municipality with the highest number of cases. There was a statistical difference between climatic seasons, with peak notifications occurring during the warmer months. Areas with high incidence of snakebite envenoming and a significant presence of venomous snakes were identified. Crotaline accidents were concentrated in northern Paraná, which had the highest number, despite being present in all states. Santa Catarina had the highest number of elapid snakebite envenoming cases among the states in the region. Only 23 southern municipalities had no records of snakebite accidents, and all municipalities in Santa Catarina had reported cases of snakebite envenoming. In the second chapter, we found that a combination of land use and cover and climatic factors best explained the environmental influence on snakebite envenoming incidence in the Southern Region. Agriculture and pasture had negative effects on total incidence, while natural cover showed a positive relationship with total incidence. Precipitation was positively correlated with snakebite envenoming incidence, as was the maximum temperature of the warmest month. Minimum temperature and precipitation in the cold month, along with isothermality, had a negative association. The influence of climatic and land use factors varied among medically important genera. Snakebite envenoming by Bothrops spp. and Micrurus spp. were negatively affected by pasture area, while incidents with C. durissus showed a positive relationship with pasture area. Snakebite envenoming exhibited diverse responses to climatic and land use and cover factors in Southern Brazil. The results can be used to guide future studies on snakes in the region and the planning of strategies for the prevention and mitigation of snakebite envenoming.
Snakebite envenoming is a global health problem affecting thousands of people annually, leaving many with permanent sequelae. In this dissertation, our objective was to analyze the ecoepidemiology of snakebite envenoming in Southern Brazil. We assessed the presence of venomous snakes and the spatiotemporal distribution of snakebite envenoming between 2007 and 2020 in Southern Brazil, as well as the climatic and land use and cover interactions influencing the incidence of envenoming in this Brazilian macroregion. In the first chapter, we documented 28,153 cases, with the majority being attributed to Bothrops spp. Rio Grande do Sul had the highest number of notifications, but Santa Catarina exhibited the highest average incidence. Florianópolis was the southern municipality with the highest number of cases. There was a statistical difference between climatic seasons, with peak notifications occurring during the warmer months. Areas with high incidence of snakebite envenoming and a significant presence of venomous snakes were identified. Crotaline accidents were concentrated in northern Paraná, which had the highest number, despite being present in all states. Santa Catarina had the highest number of elapid snakebite envenoming cases among the states in the region. Only 23 southern municipalities had no records of snakebite accidents, and all municipalities in Santa Catarina had reported cases of snakebite envenoming. In the second chapter, we found that a combination of land use and cover and climatic factors best explained the environmental influence on snakebite envenoming incidence in the Southern Region. Agriculture and pasture had negative effects on total incidence, while natural cover showed a positive relationship with total incidence. Precipitation was positively correlated with snakebite envenoming incidence, as was the maximum temperature of the warmest month. Minimum temperature and precipitation in the cold month, along with isothermality, had a negative association. The influence of climatic and land use factors varied among medically important genera. Snakebite envenoming by Bothrops spp. and Micrurus spp. were negatively affected by pasture area, while incidents with C. durissus showed a positive relationship with pasture area. Snakebite envenoming exhibited diverse responses to climatic and land use and cover factors in Southern Brazil. The results can be used to guide future studies on snakes in the region and the planning of strategies for the prevention and mitigation of snakebite envenoming.
Palavras-chave
Cobras peçonhentas, Ecoepidemiologia, Alterações de Terra