Protocolos fisioterapêuticos na reabilitação cardiorrespiratória de pacientes com sequelas da COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa
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Data
2021-12-09
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso fechado
Editora
Autores
Schmitz, Heloísa
Batista, Patrícia H.
Orientador
Zierhut, Nathana
Coorientador
Resumo
A pandemia de Covid-19 tornou-se um grave problema de saúde pública mundial,
levando à óbito cerca de 5 milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo desde 2020.
Apesar de manifestar-se por sintomas leves em grande parte da população, a
doença causada pelo SARS-CoV-2 pode gerar complicações, como pneumonia e
insuficiência respiratória, havendo necessidade de internação hospitalar prolongada.
Alguns destes pacientes podem apresentar sequelas, como fadiga, problemas
respiratórios e dificuldade para realizar atividades funcionais do dia a dia. Através de
exames, avaliações, técnicas e exercícios terapêuticos, o fisioterapeuta é um
profissional indispensável no processo de recuperação da funcionalidade de
pacientes acometidos pelas sequelas do vírus da Covid-19. Por este motivo, este
trabalho tem como objetivo identificar na literatura atual os protocolos
fisioterapêuticos utilizados em pacientes com sequelas cardiorrespiratórias após a
doença de COVID-19. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura composta por
um relatório de artigos de relatos de caso e protocolos de tratamentos
fisioterapêuticos nas complicações cardiorrespiratórias decorrentes da Covid-19. Foi
realizada uma busca nas plataformas de dados eletrônicos BVS, PEDro, Google
Acadêmico, SciELO e PubMED, além de sites oficiais de organizações que
contemplavam a temática da pesquisa, com as seguintes palavras chaves:
‘’reabilitação’’, ‘’fisioterapia’’, ‘’pós-covid-19’’, ‘’physiotherapy’’, ‘’physical therapy’’,
‘’rehabilitation’’ e ‘’post-Covid’’ Foi considerado os artigos e documentos de relatos
de caso, ensaios randomizados, artigos de atualização e cartilhas e/ou diretrizes que
abordassem a proposta e respondesse aos objetivos da pesquisa. Com base nos
resultados obtidos, foi possível perceber que as técnicas mais empregadas foram
exercícios respiratórios, exercícios de fortalecimento muscular e exercícios
aeróbicos, numa média de 7 semanas de tratamento, compostas de 3 sessões por
semana de 40 minutos.
The Covid-19 pandemic has become a serious public health problem worldwide, causing the death of approximately 5 million people around the world since 2020. Despite being manifested by mild symptoms in a large part of the population, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 it can lead to complications, such as pneumonia and respiratory failure, requiring prolonged hospitalization. Some of these patients may have sequelae, such as fatigue, respiratory problems and difficulty in performing daily functional activities. Through examinations, assessments, techniques and therapeutic exercises, the physiotherapist is an indispensable professional in the process of recovering the functionality of patients affected by the sequelae of the Covid-19 virus. For this reason, this study aims to identify in the current literature the physical therapy protocols used in patients with cardiorespiratory sequelae after COVID-19 disease. This is an integrative literature review consisting of a report of case report articles and physical therapy treatment protocols in cardiorespiratory complications resulting from Covid-19. A search was performed on the electronic data platforms BVS, PEDro, Academic Google, SciELO and PubMED, in addition to official websites of organizations that addressed the research topic, with the following keywords: ''rehabilitation'', ''physiotherapy'' , ''post-covid-19'', ''physiotherapy'', ''physical therapy'', ''rehabilitation'' and ''post-Covid'' We considered the articles and documents of case reports, randomized trials, update articles and booklets and/or guidelines that addressed the proposal and responded to the research objectives. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to see that the most used techniques were breathing exercises, muscle strengthening exercises and aerobic exercises, in an average of 7 weeks of treatment, consisting of 3 sessions per week of 40 minutes.
The Covid-19 pandemic has become a serious public health problem worldwide, causing the death of approximately 5 million people around the world since 2020. Despite being manifested by mild symptoms in a large part of the population, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 it can lead to complications, such as pneumonia and respiratory failure, requiring prolonged hospitalization. Some of these patients may have sequelae, such as fatigue, respiratory problems and difficulty in performing daily functional activities. Through examinations, assessments, techniques and therapeutic exercises, the physiotherapist is an indispensable professional in the process of recovering the functionality of patients affected by the sequelae of the Covid-19 virus. For this reason, this study aims to identify in the current literature the physical therapy protocols used in patients with cardiorespiratory sequelae after COVID-19 disease. This is an integrative literature review consisting of a report of case report articles and physical therapy treatment protocols in cardiorespiratory complications resulting from Covid-19. A search was performed on the electronic data platforms BVS, PEDro, Academic Google, SciELO and PubMED, in addition to official websites of organizations that addressed the research topic, with the following keywords: ''rehabilitation'', ''physiotherapy'' , ''post-covid-19'', ''physiotherapy'', ''physical therapy'', ''rehabilitation'' and ''post-Covid'' We considered the articles and documents of case reports, randomized trials, update articles and booklets and/or guidelines that addressed the proposal and responded to the research objectives. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to see that the most used techniques were breathing exercises, muscle strengthening exercises and aerobic exercises, in an average of 7 weeks of treatment, consisting of 3 sessions per week of 40 minutes.
Palavras-chave
Reabilitação fisioterapêutica, Síndrome pós-COVID, Fisioterapia, COVID-19