Leucoplasia e suas particularidades: uma revisão de literatura
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2023-06-13
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Carvalho, Aliny Esmeraldino Souza de
Orientador
Ghizoni, Janaina Salomon
Coorientador
Resumo
A Leucoplasia Oral é uma placa ou mancha branca, potencialmente maligna, não removível por raspagem e que não pode ser caracterizada como nenhuma outra lesão. Apresenta características clínicas variadas e seu aspecto histopatológico é essencial para a definição do diagnóstico definitivo. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre as Leucoplasias Orais, a fim de coletar e revisar informações que possam nortear a conduta frente à identificação dessas lesões, conscientizando também leitores e Cirurgiões-Dentistas sobre a importância da anamnese, exame clínico detalhado e diagnóstico precoce. Para isso, foram utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Science Direct e SciELO, além de buscas em livros consagrados na literatura. Foram selecionados trabalhos em português e inglês, publicados a partir de 2000. Os resultados mostraram que a Leucoplasia Oral é uma das lesões pré-cancerizáveis mais comuns na cavidade bucal. O grau de displasia epitelial obtido a partir do tecido biopsiado é considerado um marcador padrão ouro tanto para o diagnóstico definitivo, quanto para a identificação das chances de transformação maligna da lesão. Estudos vêm sendo realizados para observar outros indicadores de malignização que possam ser associados ao resultado da biópsia. Concluiu-se, assim, que como o câncer bucal é um problema público de saúde e por vezes só é detectado em fases mais avançadas, saber identificar as lesões que o precedem é essencial para o diagnóstico, tratamento e bom prognóstico dos pacientes. Conhecer a Leucoplasia Oral e suas particularidades é fundamental para nortear o trabalho dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas na detecção precoce de alterações morfológicas que podem levar a uma neoplasia maligna.
Oral leukoplakia is a potentially malignant white plaque or spot that can’t be removed by scraping and can’t be characterized as any other lesion. It presents varied clinical characteristics and its histopathological aspect is essential for defining the definitive diagnosis. Thus, the present study aimed to carry out a literature review on Oral Leukoplakias, in order to collect and review information that may guide the conduct towards the identification of these lesions, also making readers and Dental Surgeons aware of the importance of anamnesis, examination detailed clinical and early diagnosis. For this, the PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Science Direct and SciELO databases were used, in addition to searches in well-known books in the literature. Studies in Portuguese and English, published from 2000 onwards, were selected. The results showed that Oral Leukoplakia is one of the most common precancerous lesions in the oral cavity. The degree of epithelial dysplasia obtained from the biopsy tissue is considered a gold standard marker both for the definitive diagnosis and for identifying the chances of malignant transformation of the lesion. Studies have been carried out to observe other indicators of malignancy that may be associated with the biopsy result. It was concluded, therefore, that as oral cancer is a public health problem and is sometimes only detected in more advanced stages, knowing how to identify the lesions that precede it is essential for the diagnosis, treatment and good prognosis of patients. Knowing Oral Leukoplakia and its particularities is essential to guide the work of Dental Surgeons towards the early detection of morphological changes that can lead to a malignant neoplasm.
Oral leukoplakia is a potentially malignant white plaque or spot that can’t be removed by scraping and can’t be characterized as any other lesion. It presents varied clinical characteristics and its histopathological aspect is essential for defining the definitive diagnosis. Thus, the present study aimed to carry out a literature review on Oral Leukoplakias, in order to collect and review information that may guide the conduct towards the identification of these lesions, also making readers and Dental Surgeons aware of the importance of anamnesis, examination detailed clinical and early diagnosis. For this, the PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Science Direct and SciELO databases were used, in addition to searches in well-known books in the literature. Studies in Portuguese and English, published from 2000 onwards, were selected. The results showed that Oral Leukoplakia is one of the most common precancerous lesions in the oral cavity. The degree of epithelial dysplasia obtained from the biopsy tissue is considered a gold standard marker both for the definitive diagnosis and for identifying the chances of malignant transformation of the lesion. Studies have been carried out to observe other indicators of malignancy that may be associated with the biopsy result. It was concluded, therefore, that as oral cancer is a public health problem and is sometimes only detected in more advanced stages, knowing how to identify the lesions that precede it is essential for the diagnosis, treatment and good prognosis of patients. Knowing Oral Leukoplakia and its particularities is essential to guide the work of Dental Surgeons towards the early detection of morphological changes that can lead to a malignant neoplasm.
Palavras-chave
Leucoplasia, Leucoplasia oral, Leucoplasia verrucosa proliferativa