O uso irracional do Zolpidem e efeitos adversos: uma revisão narrativa.
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso fechado
Editora
Autores
OLIVEIRA , Ana Clarisse dos Santos de
SILVA, Leyane de Morais
Orientador
MENDONÇA , Cândida Maria Soares de
Coorientador
Resumo
O zolpidem é um hipnótico não benzodiazepnico utilizado especialmente no tratamento de curto prazo da insônia, onde é atribuído a pacientes com problemas ao iniciar e manter o sono. Esse medicamento atua no sistema nervoso central. É considerado um medicamento muito seguro, sendo o mais prescrito em diversos países. Zolpidem assumiu o posto de uma das drogas mais consumidas no Brasil, no ano de 2020 teve 23,3 milhões de caixas vendidas, superando o número de 13,6 milhões no ano de 2018. Para a construção do estudo foram selecionados artigos das bases de dados: SciELO e PubMed, utilizando três descritores para a limitação dos artigos selecionados: uso irracional, zolpidem e efeitos terapêuticos os descritores para o desenvolvimento do artigo foram: zolpidem: jovens: insônia. Foram selecionados artigos científicos nos quais possuem embasamento teórico sobre o tema abordado: textos completos; nos idiomas português e inglês. Para a seleção de artigos, foram selecionados aqueles cujo assunto relevante seria os riscos do uso e abuso da automedicação dos jovens atualmente, no qual foi selecionado artigos dentre 2015 a 2023. O estudo trata sobre o uso irracional do zolpidem por jovens, questão que aborda o aumento da automedicação pelo medicamento na atualidade. Pertencente ao grupo dos sedativos-hipnóticos não benzodiazepínicos, o zolpidem lidera o ranking de utilização por jovens, visto que é de forma irresponsável, a mesma pode causar dependências químicas e psicológicas. Importante ressaltar que um dos objetivos norteadores dessa pesquisa foram artigos que evidenciaram casos clínicos de relatos de pacientes que faziam uso do medicamento, relatando sua experiência.Portanto, foi possível observar a relação do zolpidem com a insônia, a grande procura pelos jovens, a eficácia do fármaco no organismo, alguns efeitos adversos como agressividade, alucinações, a questão do sonambulismo e riscos de intoxicação, quando o seu uso já está bem avançado. Foi verificado também a importância do uso racional do zolpidem, como ele contribui para um bom avanço do tratamento do paciente e como se intensificou o seu consumo.
Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepnic hypnotic used especially in the short term treatment of insomnia, where it is prescribed for patients with problems initiating and maintaining sleep. This medicine acts on the central nervous system. It is considered a very safe medicine, being the most prescribed in several countries. Zolpidem took over as one of the most consumed drugs in Brazil, in 2020 it had 23.3 million boxes sold, surpassing the number of 13.6 million in 2018. For the construction of the study, articles were selected from the databases data: SciELO and PubMed, using three descriptors to limit the selected articles: irrational use, zolpidem and therapeutic effects the descriptors for the development of the article were: zolpidem: young people: insomnia. Scientific articles were selected which have a theoretical basis on the topic addressed: full texts; in Portuguese and English. For the selection of articles, those whose relevant subject would be the risks of the use and abuse of self-medication among young people today were selected, in which articles were selected from 2015 to 2023. The study deals with the irrational use of zolpidem by young people, an issue that addresses the increase in self-medication using medicine today. Belonging to the group of non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics, zolpidem leads the ranking of use by young people, as it is irresponsible and can cause chemical and psychological dependencies. It is important to highlight that one of the guiding objectives of this research were articles that highlighted clinical cases of reports from patients who used the medication, reporting their experience. Therefore, it was possible to observe the relationship between zolpidem and insomnia, the great demand among young people, the effectiveness of the drug in the body, some adverse effects such as aggressiveness, hallucinations, the issue of sleepwalking and risks of intoxication, when its use is already well advanced. The importance of the rational use of zolpidem was also verified, how it contributes to the good progress of the patient's treatment and how its consumption was intensified.
Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepnic hypnotic used especially in the short term treatment of insomnia, where it is prescribed for patients with problems initiating and maintaining sleep. This medicine acts on the central nervous system. It is considered a very safe medicine, being the most prescribed in several countries. Zolpidem took over as one of the most consumed drugs in Brazil, in 2020 it had 23.3 million boxes sold, surpassing the number of 13.6 million in 2018. For the construction of the study, articles were selected from the databases data: SciELO and PubMed, using three descriptors to limit the selected articles: irrational use, zolpidem and therapeutic effects the descriptors for the development of the article were: zolpidem: young people: insomnia. Scientific articles were selected which have a theoretical basis on the topic addressed: full texts; in Portuguese and English. For the selection of articles, those whose relevant subject would be the risks of the use and abuse of self-medication among young people today were selected, in which articles were selected from 2015 to 2023. The study deals with the irrational use of zolpidem by young people, an issue that addresses the increase in self-medication using medicine today. Belonging to the group of non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics, zolpidem leads the ranking of use by young people, as it is irresponsible and can cause chemical and psychological dependencies. It is important to highlight that one of the guiding objectives of this research were articles that highlighted clinical cases of reports from patients who used the medication, reporting their experience. Therefore, it was possible to observe the relationship between zolpidem and insomnia, the great demand among young people, the effectiveness of the drug in the body, some adverse effects such as aggressiveness, hallucinations, the issue of sleepwalking and risks of intoxication, when its use is already well advanced. The importance of the rational use of zolpidem was also verified, how it contributes to the good progress of the patient's treatment and how its consumption was intensified.
Palavras-chave
Zolpidem, fármaco Benzodiazepínico, psicotrópicos