Síndrome de Burnout em enfermeiros no contexto da pandemia por covid-19: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
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Data
2023-06-15
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso embargado
Editora
Autores
Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalves de
Soares, Monique Pereira
Oliveira, Sarah da Silva
Silva, Vitória Milena Moreira
Orientador
Fernandes, Ilária Amaral da Conceição
Coorientador
Resumo
O Burnout é caracterizado pela exaustão emocional,
despersonalização e redução da eficácia profissional, desencadeado pela
exposição ao estresse continuadamente na rotina dos enfermeiros, culminando
com prejuízos na qualidade de vida dos mesmos. Objetivo: O intuito do presente
estudo é discutir sobre o Burnout em enfermeiros durante o contexto da pandemia
por Covid-19. Metodologia: Essa pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de
literatura, cujos artigos científicos foram buscados nas bases de dados: Electronic
Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da
Saúde (LILACS) e PubMed. Resultados e discussão: Os principais resultados
desse estudo demonstram que o estresse crônico é o principal fator associado ao
desenvolvimento de Burnout. Além disso, outros fatores podem influenciar na
manifestação dessa condição em enfermeiros, como o trabalho em serviços de
urgência/emergência e cirurgia, período de pandemia, pressão de tempo para
realização de suas atividades, fatores organizacionais, carga de trabalho excessiva
e discussões em local laboral. Conclusão: Diante da rotina dos enfermeiros,
diversos fatores estão relacionados ao estresse crônico, logo, medidas
direcionadas ao controle e prevenção do Burnout são fundamentais. Isso será
possível a partir da implementação de medidas como a redução da carga horária
de trabalho, melhoria dos horários de labor, adoção de estratégias voltadas à
diminuição dos fatores estressores e acompanhamento em serviços de saúde
mental para atender enfermeiros com sintomas relacionados ao Burnout.
Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced professional efficacy, triggered by exposure to stress continuously in theroutine of health professionals, triggering losses in quality of life. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify Burnout in health professionals during the covid-19 pandemic.Methodology: This research is a review of the narrative, qualitative literature, whose scientific articles were searched in the databases: Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and PubMed. The Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) used were: Burnout, health professionals and professional exhaustion. Results and discussion: The main results of this studydemonstrate that chronic stress is the main factor associated with the development ofBurnout. In addition, other factors may influence the manifestation of this condition in health professionals, such as work in urgency/emergency services and surgery,pandemic period, time pressure to perform their activities, organizational factors, excessive workload and discussions in the workplace. Conclusion: Given the routineof health professionals, several factors are related to chronic stress, so measures aimed at the control and prevention of Burnout are fundamental. This will be possible from the implementation of measures such as reducing the workload, improving working hours, adopting strategies aimed at reducing stressors and monitoring in mental health services to meet health professionals with symptoms related to Burnout.
Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced professional efficacy, triggered by exposure to stress continuously in theroutine of health professionals, triggering losses in quality of life. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify Burnout in health professionals during the covid-19 pandemic.Methodology: This research is a review of the narrative, qualitative literature, whose scientific articles were searched in the databases: Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and PubMed. The Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) used were: Burnout, health professionals and professional exhaustion. Results and discussion: The main results of this studydemonstrate that chronic stress is the main factor associated with the development ofBurnout. In addition, other factors may influence the manifestation of this condition in health professionals, such as work in urgency/emergency services and surgery,pandemic period, time pressure to perform their activities, organizational factors, excessive workload and discussions in the workplace. Conclusion: Given the routineof health professionals, several factors are related to chronic stress, so measures aimed at the control and prevention of Burnout are fundamental. This will be possible from the implementation of measures such as reducing the workload, improving working hours, adopting strategies aimed at reducing stressors and monitoring in mental health services to meet health professionals with symptoms related to Burnout.
Palavras-chave
Burnout, Enfermeiro, Esgotamento profissional