O Resveratrol como mimético da restrição calórica na promoção da longevidade: uma revisão integrativa da literatura.
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Data
2024-07
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
OLIVEIRA, Márcia Aparecida Maciel de
Orientador
COITINHO, Cristina
Coorientador
Resumo
O envelhecimento é um processo complexo, marcado pelo declínio gradual das funções do organismo, aumentando a suscetibilidade a doenças como câncer, diabetes e distúrbios cardiovasculares. Esse processo tem sido objeto de crescente investigação. Estratégias
terapêuticas como prevenção primária e secundária visam retardar ou reverter esses declínios, incluindo a restrição calórica, que demonstrou aumentar a expectativa de vida. No entanto, a busca por alternativas que mimetizem os benefícios da restrição calórica sem a necessidade de reduzir a ingestão de alimentos está em ascensão. O resveratrol, um composto encontrado em alimentos como uvas e amendoins, destaca-se como um mimético de restrição calórica promissor, associado a melhorias em parâmetros cardiometabólicos. Essa revisão integrativa buscou examinar o papel do resveratrol na promoção de um envelhecimento saudável e bem-sucedido, identificando seis ensaios clínicos como fontes significativas de evidência aplicados em humanos nos últimos dez anos. Tais estudos apresentaram resultados variados. Enquanto alguns sugerem melhorias na memória e metabolismo em adultos mais velhos, outros não encontram benefícios significativos em relação a doenças cardiovasculares ou longevidade. Apesar disso, o resveratrol presente no vinho tinto pode reduzir o estresse oxidativo e a inflamação, indicando potenciais benefícios contra doenças crônicas. Além disso, evidências apontam para efeitos positivos nos níveis de colesterol e biomarcadores associados à síndrome metabólica, e ativação da proteína SIRT1, relacionada à saúde vascular. Nesse contexto, torna-se claro a carência de mais ensaios
clínicos em humanos para esclarecer os efeitos agudos e crônicos do resveratrol, incluindo dosagem e mecanismos alvos na promoção da longevidade.
Aging is a complex process, marked by the gradual decline of the body's functions, increasing susceptibility to diseases such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. This process has been the subject of increasing investigation. Therapeutic strategies such as primary and secondary prevention aim to slow or reverse these declines, including calorie restriction, which has been shown to increase life expectancy. However, the search for alternatives that mimic the benefits of calorie restriction without the need to reduce food intake is on the rise. Resveratrol, a compound found in foods such as grapes and peanuts, stands out as a promising calorie restriction mimetic, associated with improvements in cardiometabolic parameters. This integrative review sought to examine the role of resveratrol in promoting healthy and successful aging, identifying six clinical trial as significant sources of evidence applied to humans in the last ten years. Such studies have presented varied results. While some suggest improvements in memory and metabolism in older adults, others find no significant benefits in relation to cardiovascular disease or longevity. Despite this, the resveratrol present in red wine can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, indicating potential benefits against chronic diseases. Furthermore, evidence points to positive effects on cholesterol levels and biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome, and activation of the SIRT1 protein, related to vascular health. In this context, it becomes clear that there is a lack of more clinical trials in humans to clarify the acute and chronic effects of resveratrol, including dosage and target mechanisms in promoting longevity.
Aging is a complex process, marked by the gradual decline of the body's functions, increasing susceptibility to diseases such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. This process has been the subject of increasing investigation. Therapeutic strategies such as primary and secondary prevention aim to slow or reverse these declines, including calorie restriction, which has been shown to increase life expectancy. However, the search for alternatives that mimic the benefits of calorie restriction without the need to reduce food intake is on the rise. Resveratrol, a compound found in foods such as grapes and peanuts, stands out as a promising calorie restriction mimetic, associated with improvements in cardiometabolic parameters. This integrative review sought to examine the role of resveratrol in promoting healthy and successful aging, identifying six clinical trial as significant sources of evidence applied to humans in the last ten years. Such studies have presented varied results. While some suggest improvements in memory and metabolism in older adults, others find no significant benefits in relation to cardiovascular disease or longevity. Despite this, the resveratrol present in red wine can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, indicating potential benefits against chronic diseases. Furthermore, evidence points to positive effects on cholesterol levels and biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome, and activation of the SIRT1 protein, related to vascular health. In this context, it becomes clear that there is a lack of more clinical trials in humans to clarify the acute and chronic effects of resveratrol, including dosage and target mechanisms in promoting longevity.
Palavras-chave
mimético de restrição calórica, dieta, envelhecimento, resveratrol, longevidade