Anticoncepcionais Orais Combinados: fatores de risco e sua relação com a trombose venosa.
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso fechado
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Autores
QUEIROZ, Vitória Tayná Magalhães de
LIMA, Sabrina Januário de
Orientador
FERREIRA, Sarah de Sousa
Coorientador
Resumo
O anticoncepcional hormonal oral é um dos métodos contraceptivos mais usado no Brasil, devido a sua facilidade de acesso, praticidade, segurança e a sua eficácia. Calcula-se que mais de 200 milhões de mulheres no mundo façam uso da pílula anticoncepcional. Contudo, as pílulas anticoncepcionais podem causar efeitos adversos como a trombose. Neste sentido, o estudo tem como objetivo relacionar o uso de anticoncepcionais orais com o surgimento da trombose venosa, apresentar fatores que podem aumentar o risco dessa doença em mulheres que fazem uso desse método contraceptivo e propor recomendações que tenham o intuito de prevenir a trombose nesses casos. Para a realização do trabalho foi realizado uma revisão da literatura científica para compreender e analisar as evidências disponíveis sobre a relação entre anticoncepcionais orais e trombose venosa. Pode-se verificar que os contraceptivos orais são divididos por gerações, baseando-se nas suas composições e concentrações ou podem ser categorizados em monofásicos, bifásicos e trifásicos. Ainda, os contraceptivos orais causam alterações na viscosidade do sangue e da parede vascular, aumenta os níveis sanguíneos dos fatores de coagulação II, VII, IX e X, enquanto diminuem os níveis de antitrombina III. Os fatores de riscos relacionados à trombose venosa são classificados como hereditários, adquiridos ou provocados. Em conclusão, apesar de todos os riscos associados aos anticoncepcionais orais, seus benefícios podem ainda superar essas considerações e uma maneira de reduzir esses efeitos seria o acompanhamento médico e a realização de exames para monitoramento dos riscos de trombose.
Oral hormonal contraceptives are one of the most used contraceptive methods in Brazil, due to their ease of access, practicality, safety and effectiveness. It is estimated that more than 200 million women worldwide use the contraceptive pill. However, contraceptive pills can cause adverse effects such as thrombosis. In this sense, the study aims to relate the use of oral contraceptives with the emergence of venous thrombosis, present factors that may increase the risk of this disease in women who use this contraceptive method and propose recommendations that aim to prevent thrombosis in these patients. cases. To carry out the work, a review of the scientific literature was carried out to understand and analyze the available evidence on the relationship between oral contraceptives and venous thrombosis. Oral contraceptives are divided into generations, based on their compositions and concentrations or can be categorized into monophasic, biphasic and triphasic. Furthermore, oral contraceptives cause changes in the viscosity of the blood and vascular wall, increasing blood levels of coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X, while decreasing levels of antithrombin III. Risk factors related to venous thrombosis are classified as hereditary, acquired or caused. In conclusion, despite all the risks associated with oral contraceptives, their benefits may still outweigh these considerations and one way to reduce these effects would be medical monitoring and tests to monitor the risks of thrombosis.
Oral hormonal contraceptives are one of the most used contraceptive methods in Brazil, due to their ease of access, practicality, safety and effectiveness. It is estimated that more than 200 million women worldwide use the contraceptive pill. However, contraceptive pills can cause adverse effects such as thrombosis. In this sense, the study aims to relate the use of oral contraceptives with the emergence of venous thrombosis, present factors that may increase the risk of this disease in women who use this contraceptive method and propose recommendations that aim to prevent thrombosis in these patients. cases. To carry out the work, a review of the scientific literature was carried out to understand and analyze the available evidence on the relationship between oral contraceptives and venous thrombosis. Oral contraceptives are divided into generations, based on their compositions and concentrations or can be categorized into monophasic, biphasic and triphasic. Furthermore, oral contraceptives cause changes in the viscosity of the blood and vascular wall, increasing blood levels of coagulation factors II, VII, IX and X, while decreasing levels of antithrombin III. Risk factors related to venous thrombosis are classified as hereditary, acquired or caused. In conclusion, despite all the risks associated with oral contraceptives, their benefits may still outweigh these considerations and one way to reduce these effects would be medical monitoring and tests to monitor the risks of thrombosis.
Palavras-chave
Anticoncepcionais combinados, Coagulação, Contraceptivos orais, Hemostasia, Trombose venosa