Intervenções fisioterapêuticas na dispareunia em mulheres após o parto vaginal: uma revisão bibliográfica
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Data
2022
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Soares Bueno, Caroline Thuany
Eller, Jéssica Cristina
Schwaab, Letícia Miranda
Treffeli, Sthefany
Orientador
Rabello, Lucas Maciel
Coorientador
Sandrini, Andréia Cristina
Resumo
Introdução: A dispareunia é a dor genital que pode ocorrer antes, durante ou
após a relação sexual com penetração. Esta disfunção sexual está comumente
relacionada com a gravidez e principalmente com o pós-parto, seja por via
vaginal ou cesárea. No Brasil, de acordo com pesquisa do Estudo da Vida
Sexual do Brasileiro, observou-se que 51% das mulheres brasileiras referem
alguma disfunção sexual no puerpério. O parto vaginal afeta negativamente a
musculatura pélvica feminina, sendo assim um dos maiores fatores para a
causa de disfunções sexuais. A fisioterapia pélvica proporciona melhora da
saúde sexual, maior autoconsciência, autoconfiança, melhora da imagem
corporal e diminuição da ansiedade. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como
objetivo, identificar os métodos fisioterapêuticos mais utilizados no tratamento
da dispareunia no pós-parto vaginal e qual técnica se mostra mais eficaz na
reabilitação desta disfunção sexual. Metodologia: Para isso foi realizada uma
revisão de literatura, fundamentada em artigos científicos, nas bases de dados
eletrônicos, PubMed, Google Acadêmico e SciELO, nos idiomas português e
inglês, utilizando os descritores fisioterapia (physical therapy specialty),
dispareunia (dyspareunia), período pós-parto (postpartum period), pelve
(pelvis), e parto normal (natural childbirth) estando os mesmos de acordo com
o Descritores em Ciência da Saúde (DECS). Resultados: Após a realização de
uma análise minuciosa dos artigos selecionados, foi possível observar que a
maioria dos autores utilizaram como principal recurso a massagem perineal,
podendo ser associada com o treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico,
eletroestimulação, dilatadores vaginais. Outros autores preferiram utilizar
técnicas como radiação da luz infravermelha ou a mobilização dos tecidos
moles. Conclusão: Através da revisão realizada foi possível concluir que os
métodos fisioterapêuticos quando utilizados em conjunto proporcionam
resultados satisfatórios no tratamento da dispareunia após o parto vaginal,
porém o fisioterapeuta deve traçar objetivos de acordo com as características
de cada paciente, realizar condutas adequadas sempre respeitando os limites
de cada mulher. Palavras-chaves: Fisioterapia; Dispareunia; Período
pós-parto; Pelve; Parto normal.
Introduction: Dyspareunia is genital pain that can occur before, during, or after penetrative sex. This sexual dysfunction is commonly related to pregnancy and especially to the postpartum period, either vaginally or by cesarean section. In Brazil, according to research carried out by the Study of the Sexual Life of Brazilians, it was observed that 51% of Brazilian women report some sexual dysfunction in the puerperium. Vaginal delivery negatively affects the female pelvic musculature, thus being one of the biggest factors for the cause of sexual dysfunctions. Pelvic physiotherapy provides improved sexual health, greater self-awareness, self-confidence, improved body image and decreased anxiety. Objective: The present study aims to identify the most used physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment of postpartum vaginal dyspareunia and which technique is most effective in the rehabilitation of this sexual dysfunction. Methodology: For this, a literature review was carried out, based on scientific articles, in the electronic databases, PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO, in Portuguese and English, using the descriptors physiotherapy (physical therapy specialty), dyspareunia (dyspareunia), post -partum (postpartum period), pelvis (pelvis), and normal childbirth (natural childbirth) according to the Health Science Descriptors (DECS). Results: After carrying out a thorough analysis of the selected articles, it was possible to observe that most authors used perineal massage as their main resource, which may be associated with pelvic floor muscle training, electrical stimulation, vaginal dilators. Other authors preferred to use techniques such as infrared light radiation or soft tissue mobilization. Conclusion: Through the review carried out, it was possible to conclude that the physiotherapeutic methods when used together provide satisfactory results in the treatment of dyspareunia after vaginal delivery, but the physical therapist must set goals according to the characteristics of each patient, perform appropriate procedures always respecting the limits of each woman . Keywords: Physical therapy specialty; Dyspareunia; Postpartum period; Pelvis; Natural childbirth.
Introduction: Dyspareunia is genital pain that can occur before, during, or after penetrative sex. This sexual dysfunction is commonly related to pregnancy and especially to the postpartum period, either vaginally or by cesarean section. In Brazil, according to research carried out by the Study of the Sexual Life of Brazilians, it was observed that 51% of Brazilian women report some sexual dysfunction in the puerperium. Vaginal delivery negatively affects the female pelvic musculature, thus being one of the biggest factors for the cause of sexual dysfunctions. Pelvic physiotherapy provides improved sexual health, greater self-awareness, self-confidence, improved body image and decreased anxiety. Objective: The present study aims to identify the most used physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment of postpartum vaginal dyspareunia and which technique is most effective in the rehabilitation of this sexual dysfunction. Methodology: For this, a literature review was carried out, based on scientific articles, in the electronic databases, PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO, in Portuguese and English, using the descriptors physiotherapy (physical therapy specialty), dyspareunia (dyspareunia), post -partum (postpartum period), pelvis (pelvis), and normal childbirth (natural childbirth) according to the Health Science Descriptors (DECS). Results: After carrying out a thorough analysis of the selected articles, it was possible to observe that most authors used perineal massage as their main resource, which may be associated with pelvic floor muscle training, electrical stimulation, vaginal dilators. Other authors preferred to use techniques such as infrared light radiation or soft tissue mobilization. Conclusion: Through the review carried out, it was possible to conclude that the physiotherapeutic methods when used together provide satisfactory results in the treatment of dyspareunia after vaginal delivery, but the physical therapist must set goals according to the characteristics of each patient, perform appropriate procedures always respecting the limits of each woman . Keywords: Physical therapy specialty; Dyspareunia; Postpartum period; Pelvis; Natural childbirth.
Palavras-chave
Fisioterapia, Dispareunia, Período pós- parto, Pelve, Parto normal