Impressão 3D na avaliação do tecido cardíaco
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Data
2023-11
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
CAVALCANTE, Caio Mendes
LEITE, Janaína Martines Barcellos
SILVA, Luana Santos da
MARCOSSI, Sabrina Cristina
Orientador
SILVA, Priscila Ferreira
Coorientador
Resumo
Este artigo traz a revisão bibliográfica de textos científicos sobre a impressão 3D do tecido cardíaco de seres humanos. Trata-se de recurso tecnológico de bioimpressão com resultados promissores por oferecer novas perspectivas e abordagens para pesquisa e tratamento de doenças cardíacas. A impressão 3D permite criar modelos anatômicos precisos e personalizados do coração, facilitando a compreensão dos aspectos estruturais e funcionais do órgão que responde pela parte central do sistema circulatório humano1. Modelos de bioimpressão já são usados para planejar cirurgias cardíacas complexas, auxiliar cirurgiões na visualização pré-operatória e treinar condutas médicas. Válvulas cardíacas impressas em 3D já foram implantadas com sucesso em pacientes com doenças valvulares2. E essas próteses revelaram melhor compatibilidade estrutural e funcional com o tecido cardíaco, trazendo resultados satisfatórios. Assim, a bioimpressão do tecido cardíaco apresenta-se como uma área de estudos muito promissora. O recurso pode criar estruturas 3D capazes de imitar características fisiológicas do tecido cardíaco, empregando biomateriais e células vivas3. Os modelos podem ser adotados em estudos de doenças cardíacas, testes de medicamentos e regeneração do tecido cardíaco doente. No entanto, vale ressaltar que há desafios a serem superados: aprimorar a resolução e precisão dos modelos de bioimpressão e de otimização dos materiais adotados no processo4, assim como cuidar das questões regulatórias e de custo para poder implementar em larga escala a tecnologia. Apesar disso, a impressão 3D tem apresentado bons resultados na avaliação do tecido cardíaco, oferecendo modelos anatômicos, dispositivos e próteses cardíacas personalizadas. Também há a possibilidade de bioimpressão do próprio tecido cardíaco. Tais usos melhoram a compreensão das doenças cardíacas, oferecem planejamento cirúrgico mais preciso, além de fomentar terapias inovadoras. Recomenda-se, continuar investindo em pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D) para superar os desafios técnicos, regulatórios e financeiros, a fim de tornar a impressão 3D ampla, acessível e eficaz na medicina cardiovascular.
This article presents a literature review of scientific texts on the 3D printing of human heart tissue. It is a bioprinting technology resource with promising results because it offers new perspectives and approaches to research and treatment of heart diseases. 3D printing makes it possible to create accurate and personalized anatomical models of the heart, making it easier to understand the structural and functional aspects of the organ that is responsible for the central part of the human circulatory system1 . Bioprinting models are already used to plan complex cardiac surgeries, assist surgeons in preoperative visualization, and train medical management. 3D printed heart valves have already been successfully implanted in patients with valvular diseases2 . And these prostheses revealed better structural and functional compatibility with the heart tissue, bringing satisfactory results. Thus, the bioprinting of cardiac tissue presents itself as a very promising area of study. The resource can create 3D structures capable of mimicking physiological characteristics of heart tissue, using biomaterials and living cells3 . The models can be adopted in heart disease studies, drug trials, and regeneration of diseased heart tissue. However, it is worth noting that there are challenges to be overcome: improving the resolution and accuracy of the bioprinting models and the optimization of the materials adopted in the process4 , as well as taking care of regulatory and cost issues to be able to implement the technology on a large scale. Despite this, 3D printing has shown good results in the evaluation of heart tissue, offering anatomical models, devices, and customized cardiac prostheses. There is also the possibility of bioprinting of the heart tissue itself. Such uses improve the understanding of heart disease, offer more accurate surgical planning, and foster innovative therapies. It is recommended to continue investing in research and development (R&D) to overcome technical, regulatory, and financial challenges in order to make 3D printing widespread, affordable, and effective in cardiovascular medicine.
This article presents a literature review of scientific texts on the 3D printing of human heart tissue. It is a bioprinting technology resource with promising results because it offers new perspectives and approaches to research and treatment of heart diseases. 3D printing makes it possible to create accurate and personalized anatomical models of the heart, making it easier to understand the structural and functional aspects of the organ that is responsible for the central part of the human circulatory system1 . Bioprinting models are already used to plan complex cardiac surgeries, assist surgeons in preoperative visualization, and train medical management. 3D printed heart valves have already been successfully implanted in patients with valvular diseases2 . And these prostheses revealed better structural and functional compatibility with the heart tissue, bringing satisfactory results. Thus, the bioprinting of cardiac tissue presents itself as a very promising area of study. The resource can create 3D structures capable of mimicking physiological characteristics of heart tissue, using biomaterials and living cells3 . The models can be adopted in heart disease studies, drug trials, and regeneration of diseased heart tissue. However, it is worth noting that there are challenges to be overcome: improving the resolution and accuracy of the bioprinting models and the optimization of the materials adopted in the process4 , as well as taking care of regulatory and cost issues to be able to implement the technology on a large scale. Despite this, 3D printing has shown good results in the evaluation of heart tissue, offering anatomical models, devices, and customized cardiac prostheses. There is also the possibility of bioprinting of the heart tissue itself. Such uses improve the understanding of heart disease, offer more accurate surgical planning, and foster innovative therapies. It is recommended to continue investing in research and development (R&D) to overcome technical, regulatory, and financial challenges in order to make 3D printing widespread, affordable, and effective in cardiovascular medicine.
Palavras-chave
Bioimpressão, Impressão 3D, Tecido cardíaco, Biotinta, Biomaterial