Uso de Produtos Naturais no tratamento da acne: uma revisão narrativa da literatura
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Data
2022
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso embargado
Editora
Autores
Souza, Francielly Oliveira de
Orientador
Bobinski, Franciane
Coorientador
Resumo
A acne é uma doença inflamatória crônica incidente sobre o folículo pilossebáceo, tendo como fatores fundamentais a hiperprodução sebácea, hiperqueratinização folicular, aumento da colonização por Propionibacterium acnes e inflamação dérmica periglandular. Esta doença acomete todas as etnias, embora seja menos intensa em orientais e negros e manifeste-se mais gravemente no sexo masculino. A prevalência da acne varia entre 35% e 90% nos adolescentes, com incidência de 79% a 95% entre adolescentes residentes no Ocidente, podendo chegar a 100% em ambos os sexos. Em geral, observa-se que a acne acomete 95% dos meninos e 83% das meninas com 16 anos de idade. É a mais comum dentre as doenças de pele, sendo que há muitos
anos a antibioticoterapia tem sido a principal forma de tratamento, embora apresente reações adversas frequentes devido ao seu uso indiscriminado, resultado em maior resistência bacteriana e efeitos colaterais. Nesse contexto, os produtos naturais estão sendo pesquisados como uma terapia alternativa. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório de aspecto qualitativo a partir de uma revisão de literatura. A busca foi realizada em bases de dados como Google Acadêmico, Scielo (Scientific Eletronic Library Online) e Medline, além de livros e documentos acadêmicos, como trabalhos de conclusão de curso de graduação, dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado. Foram selecionados estudos em língua portuguesa ou inglesa, sendo encontrados 70
artigos nas bases de dados. Desses, foram incluídos 50 artigos na revisão narrativa. Para a discussão foram separados em tópicos os artigos que evidenciaram a eficácia dos óleos essenciais, extratos de plantas e outros produtos naturais para o tratamento da acne in vivo e in vitro. Foi observado que muitas plantas e óleos essenciais representam uma excelente alternativa no tratamento da acne devido às ações antibacterianas e anti-inflamatórias, atuando na eliminação da Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes) e na redução de sinais flogísticos.
Entre os principais óleos essenciais para essa afecção destacam-se os óleos de melaleuca, de laranja, tomilho, murta, entre outros. Perante as vantagens das terapias alternativas em relação aos tratamentos sintéticos, os pesquisadores e as empresas vêm aumentando o interesse na utilização de plantas e óleos essenciais que representam um mercado promissor para as indústrias dermocosméticas. Entretanto, faz-se necessário mais estudos a fim de obter um protocolo de tratamento eficaz para essa afecção.
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the pilosebaceous follicle, with sebaceous hyperproduction, follicular hyperkeratinization, increased colonization by Propionibacterium acnes and periglandular dermal inflammation as fundamental factors. This disease affects all ethnicities, although it is less intense in Asians and blacks and more severe in males. The prevalence of acne varies between 35% and 90% in adolescents, with an incidence of 79% to 95% among adolescents residing in the West, reaching 100% in both sexes. In general, it is observed that acne affects 95% of boys and 83% of girls aged 16 years. It is the most common skin disease, and for many years antibiotic therapy has been the main form of treatment. However, it has frequent adverse reactions due to its indiscriminate use, resulting in greater bacterial resistance and side effects. In this context, natural products are being researched as an alternative therapy. This is a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative aspect based on a literature review. The search was carried out in databases such as Google Scholar, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Medline and books and academic documents, such as undergraduate thesis, master's dissertations, and doctoral theses. Articles in Portuguese or English were selected, and 70 articles were found in the databases. Of these, 50 articles were included in the narrative review. For the discussion, articles that showed the effectiveness of essential oils, plant extracts and other natural products for treating acne in vivo and in vitro were separated into topics. Through the analysis of the articles, it was observed that many plants and essential oils represent an excellent alternative in the treatment of acne due to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, acting in the elimination of Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes) and the reduction of phlogistic signs. Among the main essential oils for this condition, tea tree, orange, thyme, and myrtle, among others, stand out. Given the advantages of alternative therapies concerning synthetic treatments, researchers and companies have been increasing interest in the use of plants and essential oils, representing a promising market for the dermocosmetic industries. However, further studies are necessary to obtain an effective treatment protocol for this condition.
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the pilosebaceous follicle, with sebaceous hyperproduction, follicular hyperkeratinization, increased colonization by Propionibacterium acnes and periglandular dermal inflammation as fundamental factors. This disease affects all ethnicities, although it is less intense in Asians and blacks and more severe in males. The prevalence of acne varies between 35% and 90% in adolescents, with an incidence of 79% to 95% among adolescents residing in the West, reaching 100% in both sexes. In general, it is observed that acne affects 95% of boys and 83% of girls aged 16 years. It is the most common skin disease, and for many years antibiotic therapy has been the main form of treatment. However, it has frequent adverse reactions due to its indiscriminate use, resulting in greater bacterial resistance and side effects. In this context, natural products are being researched as an alternative therapy. This is a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative aspect based on a literature review. The search was carried out in databases such as Google Scholar, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Medline and books and academic documents, such as undergraduate thesis, master's dissertations, and doctoral theses. Articles in Portuguese or English were selected, and 70 articles were found in the databases. Of these, 50 articles were included in the narrative review. For the discussion, articles that showed the effectiveness of essential oils, plant extracts and other natural products for treating acne in vivo and in vitro were separated into topics. Through the analysis of the articles, it was observed that many plants and essential oils represent an excellent alternative in the treatment of acne due to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, acting in the elimination of Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes) and the reduction of phlogistic signs. Among the main essential oils for this condition, tea tree, orange, thyme, and myrtle, among others, stand out. Given the advantages of alternative therapies concerning synthetic treatments, researchers and companies have been increasing interest in the use of plants and essential oils, representing a promising market for the dermocosmetic industries. However, further studies are necessary to obtain an effective treatment protocol for this condition.
Palavras-chave
Fitocosméticos, Estética, Acne, Produtos naturais