A guarda compartilhada e a influência da alienação parental
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
COUTO, Ana Luiza de Souza
NOGUEIRA, Isabella Carvalho
Orientador
XARÁ, Fernanda Beatriz do Nascimento Silva
Coorientador
SILVEIRA, Ana Paula Lima Cardoso da
Resumo
A alienação parental é conduta abjeta e repulsiva cometida por um dos genitores
contra um descendente (criança e/ou adolescente) o qual o objetivo é afetar diretamente o
outro genitor. Já a guarda compartilhada surge como regra visando o melhor interesse da
criança e/ou adolescente e meio a repelir essas atitudes. O artigo científico apresentado tem
por objetivo, fazer uma análise teórico-doutrinária dos principais temas discutidos na seara
familiarista, quais sejam: o instituto da guarda compartilhada, passando a vigorar como regra
a partir de 2014 com o advento da Lei no 13.058, e em um segundo momento, discorrer sobre
as condutas consideradas alienantes por intermédio da Lei de Alienação Parental, instituída
em 2010 no sistema brasileiro, alterada recentemente pela Lei no 14.340 do ano de 2022, além
de expor a diferenciação entre a síndrome de alienação parental para a alienação parental
propriamente dita. Ademais, foi objetivo primordial deste artigo a análise de como a guarda
compartilhada pode influenciar nas condutas de alienação parental, verificando se ela enseja a
inibição ou agrava as condutas alienantes. É imprescindível destacar que independente de qual
seja a forma de constituição familiar, a alienação parental jamais deverá existir, tendo em
vista que fere direitos fundamentais da criança e/ou adolescente, que são dispostos e
protegidos pela Constituição Federal de 1988, bem como pelo Estatuto da Criança e do
Adolescente. Sendo a família base da sociedade com especial proteção do Estado, e cabendo a
ela, tal como ao Estado e a sociedade em geral assegurar à criança, ao adolescente e ao jovem,
com absoluta prioridade, o direito à vida, à saúde, à alimentação, à educação, ao lazer, à
profissionalização, à cultura, à dignidade, ao respeito, à liberdade e à convivência familiar e
comunitária, além de colocá-los a salvo de toda forma de negligência, discriminação,
exploração, violência, crueldade e opressão, nos exatos termos que dispõe os Artigos 226 e
227 da Constituição Federal Brasileira. O estudo foi realizado a partir das legislações
vigentes, como da Lei de Alienação Parental, Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, Código
Civil, Lei da Guarda Compartilhada, bem como do que dizem os doutrinadores e estudiosos
do tema e da área de direito de família. É notória a influência que a guarda compartilhada tem
sobre os infantes e sobre os genitores, pois aproxima pais e filhos, assim como também afasta
a ideia de que apenas um dos genitores é o responsável interino por aquela criança. No
entanto, a conduta de alienação parental também pode surgir nesse meio, sendo assim é
impossível mensurar se de fato a guarda compartilhada sendo imposta inibe as atitudes
alienantes dos responsáveis, pelo menos por ora, pois os processos de divórcios e disputa de guarda ocorrem em suma em segredo de justiça, tal como os processos para identificar se
ocorre a alienação parental no seio daquela família.
Parental alienation is an abject and repulsive conduct committed by one of the parents against a descendant (child and/or adolescent) or whose objective is directly related to the other parent. Shared custody, on the other hand, appears as a rule, changing the best interests of the child and/or adolescent in the midst of repelling these attitudes. The scientific article presented aims to carry out a theoretical-doctrinal analysis of the main themes discussed in the familiarist field, namely: the institute of shared custody, coming into force as a rule from 2014 with the advent of Law No. 13,058, and in a second moment, to disagree about the conduct considered alienating through the Parental Alienation Law, established in 2010 in the Brazilian system, recently amended by Law No. 14,340 of the year 2022, in addition to exposing the differentiation between parental alienation syndrome and alienation parenting itself. Furthermore, the primary objective of this article was to analyze how shared custody can influence parental alienation behaviors, checking whether it feels the interference or worsens alienating behaviors. It is important to highlight that regardless of the form of family constitution, parental alienation should never exist, considering that it violates the fundamental rights of the child and/or adolescent, which are protected and protected by the Federal Constitution of 1988, as well as by the Statute of Children and Adolescents. Since the family is the basis of society with special protection from the State, it is up to the family, as well as the State and society in general, to ensure that children, adolescents and young people, with absolute priority, have the right to life, health and food , education, leisure, professionalization, culture, dignity, respect, freedom and family and community coexistence, in addition to keeping them safe from all forms of negligence, discrimination, exploitation, violence, cruelty and oppression, in the exact terms set out in Articles 226 and 227 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution. The study was carried out based on current legislation, such as the Parental Alienation Law, Child and Adolescent Statute, Civil Code, Shared Custody Law, as well as what scholars and scholars on the subject and in the area of family law say. . The influence that shared custody has on children and parents is notable, as it brings parents and children together, as well as removing the idea that only one of the parents is temporarily responsible for that child. However, the conduct of parental alienation can also arise in this environment, so it is impossible to measure whether in fact the shared custody being imposed inhibits the alienating attitudes of those responsible, at least for now, as divorce processes and custody disputes occur in sums up in judicial secrecy, as are the processes to identify whether parental alienation occurs within that family.
Parental alienation is an abject and repulsive conduct committed by one of the parents against a descendant (child and/or adolescent) or whose objective is directly related to the other parent. Shared custody, on the other hand, appears as a rule, changing the best interests of the child and/or adolescent in the midst of repelling these attitudes. The scientific article presented aims to carry out a theoretical-doctrinal analysis of the main themes discussed in the familiarist field, namely: the institute of shared custody, coming into force as a rule from 2014 with the advent of Law No. 13,058, and in a second moment, to disagree about the conduct considered alienating through the Parental Alienation Law, established in 2010 in the Brazilian system, recently amended by Law No. 14,340 of the year 2022, in addition to exposing the differentiation between parental alienation syndrome and alienation parenting itself. Furthermore, the primary objective of this article was to analyze how shared custody can influence parental alienation behaviors, checking whether it feels the interference or worsens alienating behaviors. It is important to highlight that regardless of the form of family constitution, parental alienation should never exist, considering that it violates the fundamental rights of the child and/or adolescent, which are protected and protected by the Federal Constitution of 1988, as well as by the Statute of Children and Adolescents. Since the family is the basis of society with special protection from the State, it is up to the family, as well as the State and society in general, to ensure that children, adolescents and young people, with absolute priority, have the right to life, health and food , education, leisure, professionalization, culture, dignity, respect, freedom and family and community coexistence, in addition to keeping them safe from all forms of negligence, discrimination, exploitation, violence, cruelty and oppression, in the exact terms set out in Articles 226 and 227 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution. The study was carried out based on current legislation, such as the Parental Alienation Law, Child and Adolescent Statute, Civil Code, Shared Custody Law, as well as what scholars and scholars on the subject and in the area of family law say. . The influence that shared custody has on children and parents is notable, as it brings parents and children together, as well as removing the idea that only one of the parents is temporarily responsible for that child. However, the conduct of parental alienation can also arise in this environment, so it is impossible to measure whether in fact the shared custody being imposed inhibits the alienating attitudes of those responsible, at least for now, as divorce processes and custody disputes occur in sums up in judicial secrecy, as are the processes to identify whether parental alienation occurs within that family.
Palavras-chave
Alienação Parental, Direitos, Guarda Compartilhada, Menor, Proteção