Eficiência da política pública de vacinação contra o papilomavírus humano (HPV): agente causador do câncer do colo do útero
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Data
2022-12-14
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso fechado
Editora
Autores
Ferreira, Thamires Fernanda
Orientador
Carvalho, Rafael Leite
Coorientador
Resumo
O HPV, Papilomavírus Humano, é uma das infecções virais mais comuns do trato reprodutivo e a maioria dos homens e mulheres sexualmente ativos serão infectados pelo HPV em algum momento da vida. Dentre os cânceres mais comuns causados pelo HPV, está o câncer do colo do útero. No Brasil a vacina quadrivalente, ofertada pelo SUS, começou a ser distribuída em março de 2014 para meninas de 11 a 13 anos; em 2015, de 9 a 11; em 2016, apenas para meninas de 9 anos e em 2017, expandida para meninas com até 14 anos de idade. De acordo com o registro na ANVISA, a vacina quadrivalente ajuda a proteger meninas, meninos, homens e mulheres de 9 a 26 anos, contra doenças causadas pelo papilomavírus humano. Mesmo as vacinas tendo maior indicação para aqueles que ainda não iniciaram a vida sexual, estudos comprovaram a eficácia profilática contra os tipos de HPV 6,11,16 e 18 em pessoas de ambos os sexos que possuem idade entre 16 e 26 anos e resposta imunológica entre 9 e 26 anos. Pensando nisso, este projeto tem como objetivo verificar entre os não vacinados que responderam à pesquisa, quantos teriam condições de obter as vacinas no setor de saúde privado, visto que, nem todos possuíram acesso a vacina fornecida pelo SUS, devido a idade. Por fim, o presente trabalho apontou que a maior parte dos participantes da pesquisa, sendo eles em sua maioria do sexo feminino, não possuem condições de obter as três doses da vacina no setor de saúde privado, devido ao seu alto custo e consequentemente, mais mulheres desprotegidas podem entrar em contato com o vírus do HPV no futuro.
HPV, Human Papillomavirus, is one of the most common viral infections of the reproductive tract and most sexually active men and women will be infected with HPV at some point in their lives. Among the most common cancers caused by HPV , we have the cervical cancer. In Brazil, the quadrivalent vaccine, offered by SUS, began to be distributed in March 2014 for girls aged 11 to 13 years; in 2015, from 9 to 11; in 2016, only for girls aged 9 and in 2017, expanded to girls up to 14 years old. According t o the registration at ANVISA, the quadrivalent vaccine helps protect girls, boys, men and women from 9 to 26 years old, against diseases caused by the human papillomavirus. Even though the vaccines have greater indication for those who have not yet started sexual life, studies have proven the prophylactic efficacy against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in people of both sexes who are between 16 and 26 years old and have an immune response between 9 and 26 years old. With this in mind, this project aims to verif y among the unvaccinated who responded to the survey, how many would be able to obtain the vaccines in the private health sector, since not all had access to vaccine provided by SUS, due to age. Finally, this work pointed out that most of the research part icipants, most of them being female, are unable to get the three doses of the vaccine in the private health sector, due to its high cost and consequently, more unprotected women can come into contact with the HPV virus in the future
HPV, Human Papillomavirus, is one of the most common viral infections of the reproductive tract and most sexually active men and women will be infected with HPV at some point in their lives. Among the most common cancers caused by HPV , we have the cervical cancer. In Brazil, the quadrivalent vaccine, offered by SUS, began to be distributed in March 2014 for girls aged 11 to 13 years; in 2015, from 9 to 11; in 2016, only for girls aged 9 and in 2017, expanded to girls up to 14 years old. According t o the registration at ANVISA, the quadrivalent vaccine helps protect girls, boys, men and women from 9 to 26 years old, against diseases caused by the human papillomavirus. Even though the vaccines have greater indication for those who have not yet started sexual life, studies have proven the prophylactic efficacy against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 in people of both sexes who are between 16 and 26 years old and have an immune response between 9 and 26 years old. With this in mind, this project aims to verif y among the unvaccinated who responded to the survey, how many would be able to obtain the vaccines in the private health sector, since not all had access to vaccine provided by SUS, due to age. Finally, this work pointed out that most of the research part icipants, most of them being female, are unable to get the three doses of the vaccine in the private health sector, due to its high cost and consequently, more unprotected women can come into contact with the HPV virus in the future
Palavras-chave
HPV, Papilomavírus Humano, Vacina, Câncer do colo do útero, Quadro vacinal