Doença do disco intervertebral Hansen tipo 1 no segmento toracolombar em cães: revisão bibliográfica
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Agrárias
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
FERNANDES, Julio Cesar Vieira
BOSSO, Juliana Caciolari
RAHAL, Nicolly Emanoely
Orientador
SETIM, Fabíola Eloisa
Coorientador
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo elucidar aspectos da Doença do Disco Intervertebral (DDIV) Hansen tipo I no segmento toracolombar em cães a partir da consulta à literatura existente sobre o assunto, além de realizar uma sucinta análise das informações conflitantes entre os autores. A doença afeta o sistema nervoso e locomotor dos animais, envolvendo diretamente estruturas como vértebras lombares, discos intervertebrais da região lombar e medula espinhal. A afecção é intimamente descrita em cães condrodistróficos, sobretudo, da raça Dachshund, e cursa com a degeneração condroide do disco intervertebral, ocasionando a extrusão do núcleo pulposo do disco para o canal vertebral, pressionando a medula espinhal. A pressão exercida à medula espinhal faz com que surjam os primeiros sinais clínicos da doença, dentre eles, dor à palpação toracolombar, cifose, déficits proprioceptivos, motores e nociceptivos, simétricos ou não. O diagnóstico é feito com base na anamnese, exame clínico e exames complementares de imagem, com destaque para a ressonância magnética. O tratamento pode ser conservador ou cirúrgico, a depender do grau de comprometimento neurológico do paciente ou recidiva quando do tratamento clínico, dentre diversas técnicas cirúrgicas preconiza-se aquela que há o maior domínio do profissional que a realizará, em suma todas consistem na retirada do material extrusado do canal medular, efetuando a descompressão medular. Dentre os tratamentos cirúrgicos, a corpectomia parcial é apontada com técnica com maiores benefícios, uma vez que evita novas cirurgias por recidiva. Não há consenso entre os autores no que diz respeito ao uso da fisioterapia no tratamento pós-cirúrgico. Por se tratar de revisão bibliográfica, fator limitante no estudo, foi realizada apenas a constatação das informações, entretanto o trabalho fornece subsídio para futuras pesquisas com o intuito de verificar os benefícios da fisioterapia nesses pacientes.
This work aimed to elucidate aspects of Hansen type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (DDIV) in the thoracolumbar segment in dogs by consulting the existing literature on the subject, in addition to carrying out a brief analysis of the conflicting information between the authors. The disease affects the nervous and locomotor system of animals, directly involving structures such as lumbar vertebrae, intervertebral discs in the lumbar region and spinal cord. The condition is closely described in chondrodystrophic dogs, especially the Dachshund breed, and occurs with chondroid degeneration of the intervertebral disc, causing extrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the disc into the spinal canal, putting pressure on the spinal cord. The pressure exerted on the spinal cord causes the first clinical signs of the disease to appear, including pain on thoracolumbar palpation, kyphosis, proprioceptive, motor and nociceptive deficits, whether symmetrical or not. The diagnosis is made based on anamnesis, clinical examination and complementary imaging tests, with emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment can be conservative or surgical, depending on the patient's degree of neurological impairment or recurrence during clinical treatment. Among several surgical techniques, the one recommended is the one with the greatest mastery of the professional who will perform it, in short, they all consist of removing the material extruded from the spinal canal, effecting spinal decompression. Among the surgical treatments, partial corpectomy is considered the technique with the greatest benefits, as it avoids new surgeries due to recurrence. There is no consensus among authors regarding the use of physiotherapy in post-surgical treatment. As this is a bibliographical review, a limiting factor in the study, only the information was verified, however the work provides support for future research with the aim of verifying the benefits of physiotherapy in these patients.
This work aimed to elucidate aspects of Hansen type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (DDIV) in the thoracolumbar segment in dogs by consulting the existing literature on the subject, in addition to carrying out a brief analysis of the conflicting information between the authors. The disease affects the nervous and locomotor system of animals, directly involving structures such as lumbar vertebrae, intervertebral discs in the lumbar region and spinal cord. The condition is closely described in chondrodystrophic dogs, especially the Dachshund breed, and occurs with chondroid degeneration of the intervertebral disc, causing extrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the disc into the spinal canal, putting pressure on the spinal cord. The pressure exerted on the spinal cord causes the first clinical signs of the disease to appear, including pain on thoracolumbar palpation, kyphosis, proprioceptive, motor and nociceptive deficits, whether symmetrical or not. The diagnosis is made based on anamnesis, clinical examination and complementary imaging tests, with emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment can be conservative or surgical, depending on the patient's degree of neurological impairment or recurrence during clinical treatment. Among several surgical techniques, the one recommended is the one with the greatest mastery of the professional who will perform it, in short, they all consist of removing the material extruded from the spinal canal, effecting spinal decompression. Among the surgical treatments, partial corpectomy is considered the technique with the greatest benefits, as it avoids new surgeries due to recurrence. There is no consensus among authors regarding the use of physiotherapy in post-surgical treatment. As this is a bibliographical review, a limiting factor in the study, only the information was verified, however the work provides support for future research with the aim of verifying the benefits of physiotherapy in these patients.
Palavras-chave
discopatia, Dachshund, corpectomia, condrodistrófico