Laserterapia em cicatrizes hipertróficas em pacientes queimados: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
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Data
2022-12-06
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Rosa, Grazielle
Orientador
Borba, Luana Silva de
Coorientador
Resumo
RESUMO: As queimaduras são um tipo de lesão em que a pele é exposta a
substâncias de alta temperatura, podendo ser por escaldadura, chama, elétrica,
química, ou ainda por causa desconhecida. A laserterapia tem mostrado eficácia
no gerenciamento de cicatrizes hipertróficas advindas de queimaduras, sendo esta
uma das principais complicações deste tipo de lesão. Existem diferentes tipos de
laser indicados para o tratamento de cicatrizes. A literatura apresenta resultados
significativos, no entanto, ainda são escassos os estudos específicos e de forte
evidência científica neste tipo de cicatriz hipertrófica de pacientes queimados, para
se estabeleçam protocolos de tratamento eficazes. Objetivo: Revisar na literatura
os efeitos da laserterapia no aspecto da pele de pacientes com cicatrizes hipertróficas que sofreram queimaduras. Métodos: As buscas foram realizadas na base de dados eletrônica PubMed, Scielo/BVS, por estudos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, nos idiomas português e inglês. Foram selecionados estudos que realizaram laserterapia em cicatrizes hipertróficas após queimadura. A avaliação do risco de viés dos estudos foi realizada pelo Check-list Downs and Black e a avaliação do nível e força de evidência pelo Sistema GRADE. Resultados: Os seis estudos selecionados para a presente revisão demostraram eficácia da laserterapia em cicatrizes hipertróficas após queimaduras. Os estudos evidenciaram diminuição da espessura da cicatriz, melhora da textura e aparência da pele acometida, bem como do prurido, discromia, flexibilidade, dor, repercutindo positivamente na qualidade de vida destes indivíduos. Conclusão: A laserterapia mostrou ser eficaz no tratamento de cicatrizes hipertróficas em pacientes queimados, na melhora clínica e histológica da pele.
ABSTRACT: Burns are a type of injury in which the skin is exposed to high temperature substances, which can be scalding, flame, electrical, chemical, or even for an unknown cause. Laser therapy has been shown to be effective in managing hypertrophic scars resulting from burns, which is one of the main complications of this type of injury. There are different types of laser indicated for the treatment of scars. The literature presents significant results, however, there are still few specific studies and strong scientific evidence in this type of hypertrophic scar in burned patients, in order to establish effective treatment protocols. Objective: To review the literature on the effects of laser therapy on the appearance of the skin of patients with hypertrophic scars who suffered burns. Methods: Searches were carried out in the electronic database PubMed, Scielo/BVS, for studies published in the last 10 years, in Portuguese and English. Studies that performed laser therapy on hypertrophic scars after burns were selected. The assessment of the risk of bias in the studies was carried out using the Downs and Black Check-list and the assessment of the level and strength of evidence using the GRADE System. Results: The six studies selected for this review demonstrated the effectiveness of laser therapy in hypertrophic scars after burns. The studies showed a decrease in the thickness of the scar, improvement in the texture and appearance of the affected skin, as well as in pruritus, dyschromia, flexibility, pain, with a positive impact on the quality of life of these individuals. Conclusion: Laser therapy proved to be effective in the treatment of hypertrophic scars in burn patients, in the clinical and histological improvement of the skin.
ABSTRACT: Burns are a type of injury in which the skin is exposed to high temperature substances, which can be scalding, flame, electrical, chemical, or even for an unknown cause. Laser therapy has been shown to be effective in managing hypertrophic scars resulting from burns, which is one of the main complications of this type of injury. There are different types of laser indicated for the treatment of scars. The literature presents significant results, however, there are still few specific studies and strong scientific evidence in this type of hypertrophic scar in burned patients, in order to establish effective treatment protocols. Objective: To review the literature on the effects of laser therapy on the appearance of the skin of patients with hypertrophic scars who suffered burns. Methods: Searches were carried out in the electronic database PubMed, Scielo/BVS, for studies published in the last 10 years, in Portuguese and English. Studies that performed laser therapy on hypertrophic scars after burns were selected. The assessment of the risk of bias in the studies was carried out using the Downs and Black Check-list and the assessment of the level and strength of evidence using the GRADE System. Results: The six studies selected for this review demonstrated the effectiveness of laser therapy in hypertrophic scars after burns. The studies showed a decrease in the thickness of the scar, improvement in the texture and appearance of the affected skin, as well as in pruritus, dyschromia, flexibility, pain, with a positive impact on the quality of life of these individuals. Conclusion: Laser therapy proved to be effective in the treatment of hypertrophic scars in burn patients, in the clinical and histological improvement of the skin.
Palavras-chave
Laserterapia, Cicatriz hipertrófica, Queimaduras