O conceito de precedentes judiciais e sua recepção no código de processo civil de 2015
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Data
2019
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Pereira, Manoel Messias
Orientador
Lourenço, Daniel Braga
Coorientador
Resumo
Atualmente, com o processo de globalização cada vez maior, influências e mudanças costumam acontecer tanto intensivamente quanto rapidamente. Em suas origens, o direito brasileiro se constitui sobre as bases do direito romano-germânico, um modelo que tem como principal característica a codificação. Entretanto, já há algum tempo o Brasil vem incorporando atributos de outra marcante cultura, o common law. Desse modo, incumbiu-se o Código de Processo Civil Brasileiro de 2015 de realizar tal proposta aprofundando os conceitos e aprimorando o caráter da jurisprudencialização. Todavia, sendo a origem do direito brasileiro totalmente diverso da proposta do common law vê-se uma enfática deficiência nessa inserção, o que cabe uma profunda análise. Nessa perspectiva, objetiva o presente trabalho analisar, com fulcro na abordagem conceitual de precedentes, desde a exposição dos motivos do Novo Código de Processo Civil, os dispositivos da Lei 13.105/15 que estabelecem a nova ordem legal. Assim, em primeira abordagem conceitua-se as tradições: common law e civil law, enfatizando a evolução do common law por meio de um paralelo entre a sua origem na Inglaterra e sua versão vivenciada nos Estados Unidos, de onde mais se importou para o nosso direito brasileiro. Posteriormente, ao apresentar os conceitos de precedentes, mostra-se a recepção deficiente, dado o seu caráter moral-cultural e, finalmente, analisa-se o instituto dos precedentes enquanto real garantia dos direitos fundamentais. A presente dissertação ainda apresenta como sugestão a realização de um estudo aprofundado sob a ótica da hermenêutica a respeito dos institutos, de modo que não seja desconsiderada a complexidade do civil law, intencionando o alinhamento entre a proposta do Código de Processo Civil e os ideais do common law, vislumbrando a redução os erros jurídicos e, principalmente, que se concretize o projeto de Estado Democrático de Direito proposto na Constituição Federal de Brasileira. Desta maneira, a metodologia utilizada é a dialética, desenvolvendo ideias por contraposição, para melhor explorar o tema.
Nowadays, with the process of increasing globalization, influences and changes usually happen both intensively and quickly. In its origins, Brazilian law is constituted on the basis of Romano-Germanic tradition, a model whose main characteristic is the codification. However, for some time now, Brazil has been incorporating attributes of another legal tradition, the common law. Thus, the Brazilian’s Civil Procedure Code was charged with making such a proposal by deepening the concepts and improving the character of jurisprudentialization. However, since the origin of Brazilian law is totally different from the common law proposal, we see an emphatic deficiency in this insertion, which should be deeply analyzed. From this perspective, the objective of this paper is to analyze, based on the conceptual approach of precedents, since the explanation of the reasons of the New Civil Procedure Code, the provisions of Estatue n. 13.105 / 15 that establish the new legal order. Thus, in the first approach the traditions: common law and civil law are conceptualized, emphasizing the evolution of common law through a parallel between its origin in England and its version lived in the United States, where it cared most for our Brazilian law. Subsequently, when presenting the concepts of precedents, the poor reception is shown, given its moral-cultural character and, finally, the institute of precedents is analyzed as a real guarantee of civil rights. The present dissertation still presents as suggestion the accomplishment of an in-depth study from the hermeneutics point of view regarding the institutes, so that the complexity of the civil law is not disregarded, intending the alignment between the proposal of the Civil Procedure Code and the ideals of the common law, foreseeing the reduction of the legal errors and, mainly, that the project of Constitutional State proposed in Brazil’s Federal Constitution is realized. Thus, the methodology used is dialectic, developing ideas by contrast, to better explore the theme.
Nowadays, with the process of increasing globalization, influences and changes usually happen both intensively and quickly. In its origins, Brazilian law is constituted on the basis of Romano-Germanic tradition, a model whose main characteristic is the codification. However, for some time now, Brazil has been incorporating attributes of another legal tradition, the common law. Thus, the Brazilian’s Civil Procedure Code was charged with making such a proposal by deepening the concepts and improving the character of jurisprudentialization. However, since the origin of Brazilian law is totally different from the common law proposal, we see an emphatic deficiency in this insertion, which should be deeply analyzed. From this perspective, the objective of this paper is to analyze, based on the conceptual approach of precedents, since the explanation of the reasons of the New Civil Procedure Code, the provisions of Estatue n. 13.105 / 15 that establish the new legal order. Thus, in the first approach the traditions: common law and civil law are conceptualized, emphasizing the evolution of common law through a parallel between its origin in England and its version lived in the United States, where it cared most for our Brazilian law. Subsequently, when presenting the concepts of precedents, the poor reception is shown, given its moral-cultural character and, finally, the institute of precedents is analyzed as a real guarantee of civil rights. The present dissertation still presents as suggestion the accomplishment of an in-depth study from the hermeneutics point of view regarding the institutes, so that the complexity of the civil law is not disregarded, intending the alignment between the proposal of the Civil Procedure Code and the ideals of the common law, foreseeing the reduction of the legal errors and, mainly, that the project of Constitutional State proposed in Brazil’s Federal Constitution is realized. Thus, the methodology used is dialectic, developing ideas by contrast, to better explore the theme.
Palavras-chave
Precedentes Judiciais, Common Law, Civil Law, Código de Processo Civil