Insegurança jurídica na aplicação simplista do artigo 4° da Lei 12.651/12: áreas de preservação permanentes no ambiente urbano
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Data
2021-06-29
Tipo de documento
Monografia
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
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Autores
Richter, Andre Leandro
Orientador
Lazendorf, Francisco Luiz Goulart
Coorientador
Resumo
RESUMO:O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso de Direito, teve como objeto de estudo o tema ligado ao meio ambiente, que é a chamada “área de preservação permanente”, sendo que especificamente, foi tratado da faixa ciliar, que está situada ao longo da beira de rios e córregos, e que foi chamada, sinteticamente de: “APP-ripária”. O objetivo foi trazer a luz os aspectos históricos legislativos, mas não de forma exaustiva, e levantar apenas alguns fatores que demonstraram desde quando e como, o poder executivo e os legisladores do Congresso Nacional pensaram neste aspecto ambiental de proteção, e, buscar opinar de forma especulativa, quais os possíveis motivos de se introduzir tais leis de proteção do meio ambiente no Brasil, especialmente, no que tange a “APP-ripária”, aproveitando da expertise deste autor, que também é especialista em meio ambiente, por ser Engenheiro Florestal. De forma que conclui-se, existem cursos d´água que são ‘naturais’, isto é, que não tiveram interferência humana alguma e que permanecem como a natureza os constituiu, daqueles córregos que ‘não são naturais’, e, portanto, ‘artificiais’, isto é, que foram alterados pelas mãos humanas, e foram modificados, retificados, tubulados, seus cursos transformados em galerias, e assim perderam suas características naturais, conforme dispõe o inciso I, art. 4° da lei 12.651/2012. É de consenso plano, que o Código Florestal pode ser aplicado em áreas urbanas onde os remanescentes florestais primários, ainda ocorrem nas margens naturais de córregos e rios, entretanto, em todas as demais situações, de loteamentos consolidados e no perímetro urbano com margens ‘não naturais’ ou ‘artificiais’, os parâmetros a serem considerados devem ser flexíveis e em de acordo a cada situação local e legislação específica municipal; de tal modo que a solução deverá ser buscada via Congresso Nacional para uma adequação legal deste desígnio desesperador que é a aplicação simplista e generalizada da “APP-ripária” de forma ampla nas áreas consolidadas urbanas, como determinou a decisão da Primeira Seção do STJ (Tema 1010) que está posto a toda a sociedade catarinense e brasileira.
ABSTRACT : This Law course conclusion work had as its object of study the theme linked to the environment, which is the so-called "permanent preservation area", and specifically addressed the riparian strip, which is located along the shore, of rivers and streams, and which was called, synthetically: “APP-riparian”. The objective was to bring to light the historical aspects of legislation, but not in an exhaustive way, and to raise just a few factors that demonstrated since when and how, the executive branch and the legislators of the national congress thought about this environmental protection aspect, and, seeking an opinion on speculatively, what are the possible reasons for introducing such environmental protection laws in Brazil, especially with regard to the "APP-riparian", taking advantage of the expertise of this author, who is also a specialist in the environment, as he is a Forestry Engineer. In conclusion, there are water courses that are 'natural', that is, that had no human interference and that remain as nature constituted them, from those streams that are 'unnatural', and, therefore, 'artificial', that is, that were altered by human hands, and were modified, rectified, piped, their courses transformed into galleries, and thus lost their natural characteristics, as provided for in item I, art. 4 of Law 12.651/2012. It is generally agreed that the Forest Code can be applied in urban areas where the primary forest remnants still occur on the natural margins of streams and rivers, however, in all other situations, in consolidated subdivisions and in the urban perimeter with 'no margins' natural' or 'artificial', the parameters to be considered must be flexible and in accordance with each local situation and specific municipal legislation; in such a way that the solution must be sought through the National Congress for a legal adaptation of this desperate design, which is the simplistic and widespread application of the "APP-riparian" in a broad manner in consolidated urban areas, as determined by the decision of the First Section of the STJ ( Theme 1010) which is open to all of Santa Catarina and Brazilian society.
ABSTRACT : This Law course conclusion work had as its object of study the theme linked to the environment, which is the so-called "permanent preservation area", and specifically addressed the riparian strip, which is located along the shore, of rivers and streams, and which was called, synthetically: “APP-riparian”. The objective was to bring to light the historical aspects of legislation, but not in an exhaustive way, and to raise just a few factors that demonstrated since when and how, the executive branch and the legislators of the national congress thought about this environmental protection aspect, and, seeking an opinion on speculatively, what are the possible reasons for introducing such environmental protection laws in Brazil, especially with regard to the "APP-riparian", taking advantage of the expertise of this author, who is also a specialist in the environment, as he is a Forestry Engineer. In conclusion, there are water courses that are 'natural', that is, that had no human interference and that remain as nature constituted them, from those streams that are 'unnatural', and, therefore, 'artificial', that is, that were altered by human hands, and were modified, rectified, piped, their courses transformed into galleries, and thus lost their natural characteristics, as provided for in item I, art. 4 of Law 12.651/2012. It is generally agreed that the Forest Code can be applied in urban areas where the primary forest remnants still occur on the natural margins of streams and rivers, however, in all other situations, in consolidated subdivisions and in the urban perimeter with 'no margins' natural' or 'artificial', the parameters to be considered must be flexible and in accordance with each local situation and specific municipal legislation; in such a way that the solution must be sought through the National Congress for a legal adaptation of this desperate design, which is the simplistic and widespread application of the "APP-riparian" in a broad manner in consolidated urban areas, as determined by the decision of the First Section of the STJ ( Theme 1010) which is open to all of Santa Catarina and Brazilian society.
Palavras-chave
Área de preservação permanente, Floresta de preservação permanente, Córregos naturais, Córregos artificiais urbano