Uma racionalidade pragmático-inferencialista: viabilidade e adequação ao direito
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Data
2021
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Gomes, Irlan Márcio dos Santos
Orientador
Pedron, Flávio Barbosa Quinaud
Coorientador
Resumo
A problemática da fundamentação da decisão judicial e de processos deliberativos que atendam a parâmetros considerados, simultaneamente, racionais e democráticos, ainda está em aberto. Forte evidência disso é a discussão, no Brasil, de propostas teóricas de Robert Alexy, Hans Georg Gadamer, Klaus Günter, Jürgen Habermas, Ronald Dworkin etc. Nesse sentido, uma racionalidade considerada participativa é colocada como um alicerce para a construção de critérios teóricos e de mecanismos jurídico-processuais em matéria política e constitucional contemporaneamente. Nesse cenário, entendendo o Direito como prática linguística, a investigação se insere no contexto da Teoria do Direito e da Filosofia da Linguagem, tendo por parâmetro a pragmática normativa de por Robert Brandom. Interessou compreender como, em termos de viabilidade e adequação, os conceitos desenvolvidos na pragmática normativa (que explica os significados em termos de articulação inferencial de conteúdos num espaço de dar e pedir razões) têm o condão de contribuir com uma dimensão de uma racionalidade democrática e numa melhor fundamentação de suas práticas. Foram discutidas noções de regras e normatividade na linguagem (Wittgenstein, Dummett e Sellars); analisados os conceitos e concepções principais da pragmática normativa, especialmente seu processo de comunicação; e relacionadas essas concepções com alguns aspectos da pragmática de Habermas (fatos, normas, objetividade) e sua concepção de pretensão de validade. A investigação é teórica e de cunho interdisciplinar, de tipo normativo-compreensivo, com decomposição do problema (relação entre pragmática normativa e fundamentação de práticas democráticas) para compreensão de concepções adequadas a sistemas discursivos de produção normativo conceitual. Os materiais utilizados para a análise são em sua totalidade pesquisas publicadas sobre os objetos que são foco dos temas/problemas descritos acima. Como conclusão, sugeriu-se que a pragmática normativa proporciona ferramentas teóricas à contribuição para explicação/compreensão racional da construção decisória e das respectivas práticas jurídicas – especialmente a explicitação dos conteúdos conceituais manejados na prática jurídica. Utilizou-se como parâmetro discussão sobre o atendimento pela pragmática normativa de satisfação das condições de pretensão de validade em Habermas.
The question of the foundation of the judicial adjudication and of deliberative processes that meet parameters considered to be, simultaneously, rational and democratic, is still open. Strong evidence of this is the discussion, in Brazil, of theoretical proposals by Robert Alexy, HansGeorg Gadamer, Klaus Günter, Jürgen Habermas, Ronald Dworkin, etc. In this sense, a rationality considered to be participatory is placed as a foundation for the construction of theoretical criteria and legal-procedural mechanisms in contemporary political and constitutional matters. In this scenario, understanding Law as a linguistic practice, the investigation is inserted in the context of the Legal Theory and the Philosophy of Language, having as parameter the Robert Brandom’s normative pragmatics. It was interested in understanding how, in terms of feasibility and adequacy, the concepts developed in normative pragmatics (which explains the meanings in terms of inferential articulation of contents in a space of giving and asking for reasons) have the power to contribute with a dimension of democratic rationality and in a better foundation of their practices. Notions of rules and normativity in language were discussed (Wittgenstein, Dummett and Sellars); analyzed the main concepts and conceptions of normative pragmatics, especially its communication process; and related these conceptions with some aspects of Habermas's pragmatics (facts, norms, objectivity) and his conception of validity claim. The investigation is theoretical of an interdisciplinary nature, of a normative-comprehensive nature, with decomposition of the problem (relationship between normative pragmatics and the foundation of democratic practices) to understand concepts suitable for discursive systems of normative-conceptual production. The materials used for the analysis are in their entirety published research on the objects that are the focus of the themes/problems described above. In conclusion, it was suggested that normative pragmatics provides theoretical tools to contribute to the rational explanation/understanding of decision making and the respective legal practices - especially the explanation of the conceptual contents handled in legal practice. It was used as a parameter the discussion about the service by the normative pragmatics of satisfaction of the conditions of validity claim in Habermas’ theory.
The question of the foundation of the judicial adjudication and of deliberative processes that meet parameters considered to be, simultaneously, rational and democratic, is still open. Strong evidence of this is the discussion, in Brazil, of theoretical proposals by Robert Alexy, HansGeorg Gadamer, Klaus Günter, Jürgen Habermas, Ronald Dworkin, etc. In this sense, a rationality considered to be participatory is placed as a foundation for the construction of theoretical criteria and legal-procedural mechanisms in contemporary political and constitutional matters. In this scenario, understanding Law as a linguistic practice, the investigation is inserted in the context of the Legal Theory and the Philosophy of Language, having as parameter the Robert Brandom’s normative pragmatics. It was interested in understanding how, in terms of feasibility and adequacy, the concepts developed in normative pragmatics (which explains the meanings in terms of inferential articulation of contents in a space of giving and asking for reasons) have the power to contribute with a dimension of democratic rationality and in a better foundation of their practices. Notions of rules and normativity in language were discussed (Wittgenstein, Dummett and Sellars); analyzed the main concepts and conceptions of normative pragmatics, especially its communication process; and related these conceptions with some aspects of Habermas's pragmatics (facts, norms, objectivity) and his conception of validity claim. The investigation is theoretical of an interdisciplinary nature, of a normative-comprehensive nature, with decomposition of the problem (relationship between normative pragmatics and the foundation of democratic practices) to understand concepts suitable for discursive systems of normative-conceptual production. The materials used for the analysis are in their entirety published research on the objects that are the focus of the themes/problems described above. In conclusion, it was suggested that normative pragmatics provides theoretical tools to contribute to the rational explanation/understanding of decision making and the respective legal practices - especially the explanation of the conceptual contents handled in legal practice. It was used as a parameter the discussion about the service by the normative pragmatics of satisfaction of the conditions of validity claim in Habermas’ theory.
Palavras-chave
Pragmática normativa, Inferencialismo, Normatividade semântica, Pretensão de validade, Robert Brandom, Jürgen Habermas