Avaliação do Risco de Quedas em Idosos Hospitalizados: Uma Revisão Integrativa
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Data
2022-12-14
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências da Saúde
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Machado, Bruna Gabriely Souza
Orientador
Furlanetto, Magda Patricia
Coorientador
Resumo
Identificar os fatores associados aos eventos de queda é uma questão de saúde pública, visto que a população mundial acima de 60 anos vem aumentando significativamente os últimos anos se comparado com outras faixas etárias. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura dos últimos 3 anos a fim de avaliar os principais fatores de risco que levaram pacientes idosos a queda durante internação hospitalar. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura através de busca bibliográfica digital em artigos científicos publicados em revistas impressas e eletrônicas, no período compreendido entre os anos de 2019 à 2022, nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed,
BVS e Scielo. Resultados: Na busca inicial, foram encontradas 419 referências no total, após exclusão de 26 duplicados, a leitura do título e resumo permitiu a exclusão de 374 estudos. Após a leitura analítica 3 estudos foram selecionados como objeto de análise, por apresentarem aspectos que respondiam à questão norteadora. Como resultados encontramos que, idades mais avançadas, histórico de quedas, alterações de mobilidade, uso de fármacos e alterações mentais são fatores que estão associados ao risco de queda durante a internação hospitalar de pacientes idosos. Conclusão: Em vista dos achados no presente estudo, sugere-se que drogas hipnóticas são um importante fator de risco de quedas em idosos hospitalizados. Além de fatores como idades avançada, níveis de consciência alterado e ser do sexo feminino, também corroborarem para tal evento ocorra. Entretanto, mais estudos são necessários, visto que os estudos contidos nesta revisão foram considerados metodologicamente moderados.
ABSTRACT: Identifying the factors associated with falls is a matter of public health, as the world's population over 60 years of age has increased significantly in recent years compared to other age groups. Objective: To review the literature of the last 3 years in order to assess the main risk factors that led elderly patients to fall during hospitalization. Method: This is an integrative literature review through a digital bibliographic search in scientific articles published in printed and electronic journals, in the period between the years 2019 to 2022, in the electronic databases PubMed, BVS and Scielo.Results: In the initial search, a total of 419 references were found, after excluding 26 duplicates, reading the abstract title and allowed the exclusion of 374 studies. After the analytical analysis, 3 studies were selected as the object of analysis, as they presented aspects that answered the guiding question. As a result, we developed that older ages, history of falls, mobility changes, drug use (hypnotic drugs) and cognitive changes are factors that are associated with the risk of falling during hospitalization of elderly patients. Conclusion: In view of the findings in the present study, it is suggested that hypnotic drugs are an important risk factor for falls in hospitalized elderly. In addition to factors such as advanced age, altered levels of consciousness and being female, they also corroborate for such an event to occur. However, more studies are needed, as the studies contained in this review were considered methodologically moderate.
ABSTRACT: Identifying the factors associated with falls is a matter of public health, as the world's population over 60 years of age has increased significantly in recent years compared to other age groups. Objective: To review the literature of the last 3 years in order to assess the main risk factors that led elderly patients to fall during hospitalization. Method: This is an integrative literature review through a digital bibliographic search in scientific articles published in printed and electronic journals, in the period between the years 2019 to 2022, in the electronic databases PubMed, BVS and Scielo.Results: In the initial search, a total of 419 references were found, after excluding 26 duplicates, reading the abstract title and allowed the exclusion of 374 studies. After the analytical analysis, 3 studies were selected as the object of analysis, as they presented aspects that answered the guiding question. As a result, we developed that older ages, history of falls, mobility changes, drug use (hypnotic drugs) and cognitive changes are factors that are associated with the risk of falling during hospitalization of elderly patients. Conclusion: In view of the findings in the present study, it is suggested that hypnotic drugs are an important risk factor for falls in hospitalized elderly. In addition to factors such as advanced age, altered levels of consciousness and being female, they also corroborate for such an event to occur. However, more studies are needed, as the studies contained in this review were considered methodologically moderate.
Palavras-chave
Quedas acidentais, Idoso, Hospital, Fatores de Risco