Política Urbana e Cidades Sustentáveis: desafios e estratégias para a Sustentabilidade Urbana
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Data
2023-02-07
Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Ciências Agrárias
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso embargado
Editora
Autores
Dias, Felipe Teixeira
Orientador
Andrade Guerra, José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório
Coorientador
Clemente, Carlos Magno Santos
Resumo
Nas últimas décadas a sociedade brasileira perpassou e continua a perpassar por diversos problemas ambientais de cunho urbanístico. Grande parte dos impactos sociais, econômicos, e ambientais vivenciados nas Urbes, são desdobramento de um processo acelerado e desordenado de urbanização. Não obstante, diversas cidades e estados brasileiros, ainda aderem e seguem a lógica do mercado imobiliário, e de planejamentos urbanos modernos, promovendo espaços cinzas, com pouca concentração de cobertura vegetal, e áreas verdes. Este modelo de planejamento urbano promove uma irregularidade físico-ambiental, na medida em que os espaços urbanizados com poucas áreas verdes e cobertura vegetal, instiga o fenômeno chamado de “Ilhas de Calor”. Nesse contexto, o direito às cidades sustentáveis, enquanto premissa para concretização da política urbana, tem sua efetividade posta à verificação, visto que há divergências significativas entre o aspecto legal e os aspectos físico-ambientais das cidades. Para verificação prática dessa problemática, esta pesquisa examinará desafios ambientais das cidades, a partir dos índices teóricos e práticos encontrados a partir da literatura e de banco de dados. Assim, o escopo desta pesquisa perpassa pela tríade: Política Urbana, Meio Ambiente e Direito à Cidade. Logo, para operacionalizar os conceitos que foram discutidos nesta pesquisa, adotou-se o seguinte: o termo “cidades sustentáveis”, obedeceu a dois pressupostos, 1) rigor normativo do art 2º do Estatuto das cidades (Lei 10.257/2001) numa perspectiva nacional, e, 2) correlacionando às acepções de documentos internacionais, como a Agenda Urbana da ONU e aderência aos Objetivos 11 e 13 da Agenda 2030 Desenvolvimento Sustentável, como um parâmetro internacional. Como proposta metodológica, utilizou-se de diversos métodos conectando-os com as disciplinas cursadas, problemas e objetivos elencados a partir da estruturação e subestruração da pesquisa publicada em formato de artigos e unificados em compendio nesta dissertação.
In recent decades, Brazilian society has gone through and continues to go through various environmental problems of an urban nature. A large part of the social, economic and environmental impacts experienced in the Urbes are the result of an accelerated and disorderly process of urbanization. Nevertheless, several Brazilian cities and states still adhere and follow the logic of the real estate market, and of modern urban planning, promoting gray spaces, with little concentration of vegetation cover, and green areas. This urban planning model promotes a physical-environmental irregularity, as urbanized spaces with few green areas and vegetation cover, instigates the phenomenon called “Heat Islands”. In this context, the right to sustainable cities, as a premise for implementing urban policy, has its effectiveness put to the test, since there are significant divergences between the legal aspect and the physical-environmental aspects of cities. For practical verification of this problem, this research will examine environmental challenges of cities, from the theoretical and practical indices found from the literature and database. Thus, the scope of this research permeates the triad: Urban Policy, Environment and Right to the City. Therefore, in order to operationalize the concepts that were discussed in this research, the following was adopted: the term “sustainable cities”, obeyed two assumptions, 1) normative rigor of article 2 of the Statute of cities (Law 10.257/2001) in a national perspective, and, 2) correlating the meanings of international documents, such as the UN Urban Agenda and adherence to Goals 11 and 13 of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, as an international parameter. As a methodological proposal, several methods were used, connecting them with the courses taken, problems and objectives listed from the structuring and substructuring of the research published in the format of articles and unified in a compendium in this dissertation.
In recent decades, Brazilian society has gone through and continues to go through various environmental problems of an urban nature. A large part of the social, economic and environmental impacts experienced in the Urbes are the result of an accelerated and disorderly process of urbanization. Nevertheless, several Brazilian cities and states still adhere and follow the logic of the real estate market, and of modern urban planning, promoting gray spaces, with little concentration of vegetation cover, and green areas. This urban planning model promotes a physical-environmental irregularity, as urbanized spaces with few green areas and vegetation cover, instigates the phenomenon called “Heat Islands”. In this context, the right to sustainable cities, as a premise for implementing urban policy, has its effectiveness put to the test, since there are significant divergences between the legal aspect and the physical-environmental aspects of cities. For practical verification of this problem, this research will examine environmental challenges of cities, from the theoretical and practical indices found from the literature and database. Thus, the scope of this research permeates the triad: Urban Policy, Environment and Right to the City. Therefore, in order to operationalize the concepts that were discussed in this research, the following was adopted: the term “sustainable cities”, obeyed two assumptions, 1) normative rigor of article 2 of the Statute of cities (Law 10.257/2001) in a national perspective, and, 2) correlating the meanings of international documents, such as the UN Urban Agenda and adherence to Goals 11 and 13 of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, as an international parameter. As a methodological proposal, several methods were used, connecting them with the courses taken, problems and objectives listed from the structuring and substructuring of the research published in the format of articles and unified in a compendium in this dissertation.
Palavras-chave
Sustentabilidade Urbana; Direito à Cidade; Política Urbana; Função Social das Cidades; Meio Ambiente