As contribuições da terapia cognitivo comportamental na saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes vítimas de abuso sexual
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Artigo Científico
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Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
MELO, Késia Miranda de Aguiar
NEVES, Lorrainy Andrade
AMARAL, Lucas Gabriel Morais
RODRIGUES, Suélen Cristina de Souza
Orientador
CAMPOS, Alexandre Ferreira
Coorientador
Resumo
Tendo em vista o aumento no número de crianças e adolescentes abusadas sexualmente, o presente estudo trata das contribuições da Terapia Cognitivo Comportamental (TCC) como forma de tratamento para essas vítimas. Para tanto, foi necessário desvendar como ocorre o abuso sexual; o perfil dos abusadores; identificar os possíveis impactos na saúde mental das vítimas; e analisar as principais técnicas da TCC para fins de tratamento psicológico. Realizou-se então um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Scielo e Google Acadêmico, delimitando a busca em artigos publicados entre 2013 e 2023, a fim de obter uma ampla gama da literatura acadêmica atual sobre o tema. Coletados os materiais, passou-se à etapa da revisão da literatura e assim constatou-se que, a maioria dos abusos ocorre em contextos em que as vítimas já conhecem o abusador, muitas vezes sendo ele um familiar ou amigo da família. Em relação aos impactos na saúde mental das vítimas, esses podem se apresentar de diferentes formas, mas o Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT), assim como isolamento e comportamentos sexualizados são comuns. Como forma de tratamento, a TCC é utilizada com frequência principalmente no modelo de grupoterapia. Nesse sentido, pôde-se concluir que a TCC contribui para a reformulação de crenças, psicoeducação e desenvolvimento de habilidades para prevenção de futuros abusos.
Due to the increase in the number of children and adolescents sexually abused, this study deals with the contributions of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a form of treatment for these victims. To do so, it was necessary to uncover how sexual abuse occurs; the profile of abusers; identify the possible impacts on victims’ mental health; and analyze the main CBT techniques for psychological treatment purposes. A bibliographic survey was then carried out in the Scielo and Google Scholar databases, limiting the search to articles published between 2013 and 2023, in order to obtain a wide range of current academic literature on the topic. Once the materials were collected, we moved on to the literature review stage and it was found that the majority of abuse occurs in contexts in which the victims already know the abuser, often being a family member or family friend. Regarding the impacts on victims' mental health, these can present themselves in different ways, but Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), as well as isolation and sexualized behaviors are common. As a form of treatment, CBT is frequently used mainly in the group therapy model. In this sense, it was concluded that CBT contributes to the reformulation of beliefs, psychoeducation and development of skills to prevent future abuse.
Due to the increase in the number of children and adolescents sexually abused, this study deals with the contributions of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a form of treatment for these victims. To do so, it was necessary to uncover how sexual abuse occurs; the profile of abusers; identify the possible impacts on victims’ mental health; and analyze the main CBT techniques for psychological treatment purposes. A bibliographic survey was then carried out in the Scielo and Google Scholar databases, limiting the search to articles published between 2013 and 2023, in order to obtain a wide range of current academic literature on the topic. Once the materials were collected, we moved on to the literature review stage and it was found that the majority of abuse occurs in contexts in which the victims already know the abuser, often being a family member or family friend. Regarding the impacts on victims' mental health, these can present themselves in different ways, but Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), as well as isolation and sexualized behaviors are common. As a form of treatment, CBT is frequently used mainly in the group therapy model. In this sense, it was concluded that CBT contributes to the reformulation of beliefs, psychoeducation and development of skills to prevent future abuse.
Palavras-chave
abuso sexual, saúde mental, crianças, adolescentes, terapia cognitivo-comportamental