Análise dos diferentes modelos previdenciários do Brasil e do Chile e seus resultados em garantir a proteção e previdência social.
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Monografia
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Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
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Autores
CERVI, Carolina Querne
Orientador
RIBEIRO, Karla Pinhel
Coorientador
Resumo
O presente trabalho busca analisar de forma detalhada as políticas previdenciárias do Brasil e do Chile, bem como os fatores que influenciaram sua evolução ao longo do tempo. Primeiramente, analisamos a origem e desenvolvimento do conceito de seguridade social na Europa e sua evolução nos países da América Latina. Na sequência, realizamos um estudo aprofundado do histórico da previdência social no Brasil e no Chile. Assim como, através do contexto individual de cada país, estes implementaram modelos previdenciários totalmente diferentes entre si. No Brasil, observamos como diversos governos e crises econômicas e políticas moldaram o sistema de previdência atual, assim como, quais foram as principais reformas enfrentadas após a Constituição Federal de 1988. No Chile, destrinchamos os principais acontecimentos históricos que levaram a implementação do modelo de capitalização individual na década de 1980 e suas drásticas consequências a longo prazo. Um ponto crucial de análise é a PEC 6/2019 proposta por Paulo Guedes quando se discutia um futuro processo de reforma na previdência no Brasil. Investigamos as influências e razões por trás dessa proposta e seu impacto no sistema previdenciário brasileiro. Ao final, realizamos uma análise comparativa entre os dois países, examinando como cada um deles encara a seguridade social. Também avaliamos a efetividade de seus respectivos modelos de previdência na garantia dessa proteção social. Concluímos destacando as lições aprendidas com a experiência do Chile e os desafios enfrentados pelo Brasil na busca pela construção de um sistema previdenciário mais sustentável e eficaz.
This paper seeks to analyze in detail the social security policies of Brazil and Chile, as well as the factors that have influenced their evolution over time. Firstly, we analyze the origin and development of the concept of social security in Europe and its evolution in Latin American countries. Next, we carry out an in-depth study of the history of social security in Brazil and Chile. How, through the individual context of each country, they have implemented totally different social security models. In Brazil, we look at how various governments and economic and political crises have shaped the current social security system, as well as the main reforms faced since the 1988 Federal Constitution. In Chile, we break down the main historical events that led to the implementation of the individual capitalization model in the 1980s and its drastic long-term consequences. A crucial point of analysis is the PEC 6/2019 proposed by Paulo Guedes when discussing a future pension reform process in Brazil. We investigate the influences and reasons behind this proposal and its impact on the Brazilian pension system. Finally, we carried out a comparative analysis between the two countries, examining how each of them approaches social security. We also assess the effectiveness of their respective social security models in guaranteeing this social protection. We conclude by highlighting the lessons learned from Chile's experience and the challenges faced by Brazil in its quest to build a more sustainable and effective social security system.
This paper seeks to analyze in detail the social security policies of Brazil and Chile, as well as the factors that have influenced their evolution over time. Firstly, we analyze the origin and development of the concept of social security in Europe and its evolution in Latin American countries. Next, we carry out an in-depth study of the history of social security in Brazil and Chile. How, through the individual context of each country, they have implemented totally different social security models. In Brazil, we look at how various governments and economic and political crises have shaped the current social security system, as well as the main reforms faced since the 1988 Federal Constitution. In Chile, we break down the main historical events that led to the implementation of the individual capitalization model in the 1980s and its drastic long-term consequences. A crucial point of analysis is the PEC 6/2019 proposed by Paulo Guedes when discussing a future pension reform process in Brazil. We investigate the influences and reasons behind this proposal and its impact on the Brazilian pension system. Finally, we carried out a comparative analysis between the two countries, examining how each of them approaches social security. We also assess the effectiveness of their respective social security models in guaranteeing this social protection. We conclude by highlighting the lessons learned from Chile's experience and the challenges faced by Brazil in its quest to build a more sustainable and effective social security system.
Palavras-chave
Previdência Social, Brasil, Chile, Seguridade social, Reforma da previdência