Medida de segurança: o desmantelamento dos Hospitais de custódia e tratamento psiquiátrico em prol de um novo modelo assistencial
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Data
2023-12
Tipo de documento
Monografia
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
TOMAZ, Taiara Rosso
Orientador
CALDEIRA, Fátima Hassan
Coorientador
Fátima Hassan Caldeira
Resumo
Este estudo explora a situação dos pacientes com comorbidades psíquicas em conflito com a lei no contexto da Reforma Psiquiátrica. A extinção dos hospitais de custódia, regulamentada pela Resolução nº 487/2023, levanta questões sobre a intersecção entre saúde mental e justiça. O estudo analisa a relação histórica entre "loucura" e medidas de segurança no Brasil e destaca a influência da luta antimanicomial. Também examina a transição para um novo modelo assistencial em saúde mental, com foco na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS). O trabalho busca estudar a segurança pública, o tratamento humanizado e a reintegração de indivíduos com transtornos mentais na comunidade. Baseado em pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, o estudo estrutura-se em três capítulos: a relação histórica entre "loucura" e medidas de segurança; a influência da luta antimanicomial; e a transição para um novo modelo assistencial em saúde mental. Concluímos que a crítica ao modelo hospitalocêntrico e a busca por alternativas respeitando a dignidade das pessoas com transtornos mentais resultaram em avanços legislativos, como a Lei da Reforma Psiquiátrica, e iniciativas como a Resolução CNJ nº 487/2023 e o Plano Nacional de Implementação da Política Antimanicomial do Poder Judiciário. A desativação gradual de hospitais de custódia, a realocação dos pacientes em unidades de tratamento psiquiátrico e a promoção de programas não punitivos representam uma transição significativa, refletindo uma mudança de perspectiva da sociedade. Contudo, as discordâncias destacam desafios persistentes, exigindo uma gestão pública eficaz para garantir atendimento efetivo das políticas voltadas à saúde mental e justiça social.
This study explores the situation of patients with psychiatric comorbidities in conflict with the law in the context of Psychiatric Reform. The abolition of custodial hospitals, regulated by Resolution No. 487/2023, raises questions about the intersection between mental health and justice. The study analyzes the historical relationship between "madness" and security measures in Brazil and highlights the influence of the anti-asylum movement. It also examines the transition to a new mental health care model, focusing on the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS). The work aims to study public safety, humane treatment, and the reintegration of individuals with mental disorders into the community. Based on bibliographic and documentary research, the study is structured into three chapters: the historical relationship between "madness" and security measures; the influence of the anti-asylum movement; and the transition to a new mental health care model. We conclude that the critique of the hospital-centered model and the search for alternatives respecting the dignity of people with mental disorders have resulted in legislative advances, such as the Psychiatric Reform Law, and initiatives such as Resolution CNJ No. 487/2023 and the National Plan for the Implementation of the Anti-Asylum Policy of the Judiciary. The gradual deactivation of custodial hospitals, the relocation of patients to psychiatric treatment units, and the promotion of non-punitive programs represent a significant transition, reflecting a shift in societal perspective. However, disagreements highlight persistent challenges, requiring effective public management to ensure the effective implementation of policies related to mental health and social justice.
This study explores the situation of patients with psychiatric comorbidities in conflict with the law in the context of Psychiatric Reform. The abolition of custodial hospitals, regulated by Resolution No. 487/2023, raises questions about the intersection between mental health and justice. The study analyzes the historical relationship between "madness" and security measures in Brazil and highlights the influence of the anti-asylum movement. It also examines the transition to a new mental health care model, focusing on the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS). The work aims to study public safety, humane treatment, and the reintegration of individuals with mental disorders into the community. Based on bibliographic and documentary research, the study is structured into three chapters: the historical relationship between "madness" and security measures; the influence of the anti-asylum movement; and the transition to a new mental health care model. We conclude that the critique of the hospital-centered model and the search for alternatives respecting the dignity of people with mental disorders have resulted in legislative advances, such as the Psychiatric Reform Law, and initiatives such as Resolution CNJ No. 487/2023 and the National Plan for the Implementation of the Anti-Asylum Policy of the Judiciary. The gradual deactivation of custodial hospitals, the relocation of patients to psychiatric treatment units, and the promotion of non-punitive programs represent a significant transition, reflecting a shift in societal perspective. However, disagreements highlight persistent challenges, requiring effective public management to ensure the effective implementation of policies related to mental health and social justice.
Palavras-chave
hospital de custódia e tratamento psiquiátrico, medida de segurança, desinstitucionalização