A Implementação do artigo 33 da Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência e a designação de estrutura independente de monitoramento no Brasil
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Data
2024-03
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Dissertação
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Acesso aberto
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Autores
LUIZ, Moisés Bauer
Orientador
MARTINI, Sandra Regina
Coorientador
Resumo
Transcorridos mais de quatorze anos desde a vigência da Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência sem que o estado brasileiro implementasse o seu Artigo 33, tem-se o problema de pesquisa: como deve ser o mecanismo nacional de monitoramento da Convenção, para que seja assegurada a efetiva participação das pessoas com deficiência? Este estudo investigou os fundamentos e os requisitos necessários para a adequada estruturação de um mecanismo independente de monitoramento da citada Convenção no Brasil, tendo como objetivos específicos investigar como está delineado o sistema brasileiro de garantia dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência; identificar os critérios necessários para a estruturação de um mecanismo independente de monitoramento nacional de tratados de direitos humanos e identificar o modelo de mecanismo independente de monitoramento apropriado aos sistemas jurídico e administrativo brasileiros. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir do método hipotético dedutivo, baseado em fontes documentais, por revisão bibliográfica e documental de fontes que abordam temas relacionados à participação social, às Instituições Nacionais de Direitos Humanos e ao monitoramento nacional de tratados internacionais. Fez-se um resgate histórico demonstrando a trajetória do movimento de luta das pessoas com deficiência pelo reconhecimento de cidadania, analisando a efetividade dos direitos conquistados e a fragilidade dos mecanismos de monitoramento das políticas públicas desenvolvidas em favor desse segmento no Brasil. Investigou-se a origem das instituições nacionais de direitos humanos (INDH), os princípios de Paris, os principais modelos de instituições nacionais de direitos humanos e os desafios para sua estruturação. Foram analisadas as estruturas de participação social existentes no Brasil e as diretrizes definidas pelo Comitê sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência da Organização das Nações Unidas referente aos mecanismos nacionais de monitoramento. Ao final, são apresentados alguns apontamentos para que o mecanismo independente de monitoramento a ser implementado no Brasil atenda as exigências da convenção e seja adequado aos sistemas jurídico e administrativo brasileiros.
More than fourteen years after the enactment of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Brazilian state has yet to implement Article 33, presenting the research problem: how should the national monitoring mechanism of the Convention be structured to ensure the effective participation of persons with disabilities? This study aimed to investigate the foundations and necessary requirements for the proper structuring of an independent monitoring mechanism of the said Convention in Brazil, with specific objectives to explore how the Brazilian system for guaranteeing the rights of persons with disabilities is outlined, to identify the criteria necessary for the structuring of an independent national human rights treaties monitoring mechanism, and to identify the model of independent monitoring mechanism appropriate to the Brazilian legal and administrative systems. The research was developed using the hypothetical deductive method, based on documentary sources, through bibliographic and document review of sources that addressed themes related to social participation, National Human Rights Institutions, and national monitoring of international treaties. An historical overview was sought to demonstrate the trajectory of the disability rights movement towards the recognition of citizenship, analyzing the effectiveness of the rights achieved and the fragility of the monitoring mechanisms of public policies developed in favor of this segment in Brazil. The origin of national human rights institutions (NHRI), the Paris Principles, the main models of national human rights institutions, and the challenges for their structuring were investigated. The existing structures for social participation in Brazil and the guidelines defined by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities regarding national monitoring mechanisms were analyzed. In the end, some notes are presented so that the independent monitoring mechanism to be implemented in Brazil meets the convention's requirements and is suitable for the Brazilian legal and administrative systems.
More than fourteen years after the enactment of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Brazilian state has yet to implement Article 33, presenting the research problem: how should the national monitoring mechanism of the Convention be structured to ensure the effective participation of persons with disabilities? This study aimed to investigate the foundations and necessary requirements for the proper structuring of an independent monitoring mechanism of the said Convention in Brazil, with specific objectives to explore how the Brazilian system for guaranteeing the rights of persons with disabilities is outlined, to identify the criteria necessary for the structuring of an independent national human rights treaties monitoring mechanism, and to identify the model of independent monitoring mechanism appropriate to the Brazilian legal and administrative systems. The research was developed using the hypothetical deductive method, based on documentary sources, through bibliographic and document review of sources that addressed themes related to social participation, National Human Rights Institutions, and national monitoring of international treaties. An historical overview was sought to demonstrate the trajectory of the disability rights movement towards the recognition of citizenship, analyzing the effectiveness of the rights achieved and the fragility of the monitoring mechanisms of public policies developed in favor of this segment in Brazil. The origin of national human rights institutions (NHRI), the Paris Principles, the main models of national human rights institutions, and the challenges for their structuring were investigated. The existing structures for social participation in Brazil and the guidelines defined by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities regarding national monitoring mechanisms were analyzed. In the end, some notes are presented so that the independent monitoring mechanism to be implemented in Brazil meets the convention's requirements and is suitable for the Brazilian legal and administrative systems.
Palavras-chave
Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência, artigo 33, participação social, instituições nacionais de direitos humanos, princípios de Paris