Engenharia Civil
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Monografia Acesso aberto Estudo das perdas de aço e concreto em obras de edifícios em Tubarão-SC(2018) Junior, Romário HeidemannThe study of steel and concrete losses, despite having started about three decades ago, is becoming increasingly important and current, given the growing search for sustainable solutions and more efficient technologies. In this context, this research sought to contribute to the rationalization of the building system of structures in reinforced concrete, especially with regard to the losses on the building sites in the city of Tubarão, Santa Catarina. As a general objective, the aim was to determine the levels of steel and concrete loss, the managers' perception of them, thus allowing us to point out the most critical stages of the process, according to those responsible for the management of the works. From the literature review, an interview was carried out relating the possible stages of steel and concrete loss in the building sites. With the application of this tool, it was concluded that according to the perception of the participating managers, the loss of both materials is concentrated in a smaller number of steps than the literature points out. For steel, it focuses on the steps of cutting and assembling the armature. For concrete, the most prone to loss phases are transportation and final application. In addition to the conclusions regarding the most critical stages, there was a great heterogeneity regarding the managers' view. Through documentary analysis, the values of steel and concrete theoretically required were compared with those actually required for the execution of three works. It is possible to identify that in the studied sample the overall steel losses occur in the range of 5% to 16%. With respect to concrete, there were losses between 10% and 16%. Also, it was noticed that the way in which the works management is carried out does not allow to identify how much of these materials is lost in each stage. The managers' perception of these works was compared with the actual calculated values, verifying that managers tend to see lower values of loss than they actually do. Still, with the help of the literature studied, a checklist of good loss mitigation practices was developed, which was applied in 8 works. From this, it was verified that the constructors usually apply good practices in order to reduce the losses; however, the contact of the researcher with the managers allows to assert that there is a heterogeneous character as to the way to realize such good practices.