Lei Maria da Penha e violência conjugal
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2015
Tipo de documento
Tese
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Área do conhecimento
Linguística, Letras e Artes
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Editora
Autores
Scardueli, Márcia Cristiane Nunes
Orientador
Maliska, Maurício Eugênio
Coorientador
Resumo
O enfrentamento de situações de violência doméstica conjugal, no cenário da justiça criminal, desde 2006, tem sido feito pela aplicação da Lei 11.340/2006, nacionalmente conhecida como Lei Maria da Penha. A partir da instauração de inquéritos policiais nas delegacias de polícia, investigações são efetivadas e a violência ocorrida passa a ser apresentada, linguisticamente, em documentos oficiais, a partir dos quais efeitos de sentido sobre a violência doméstica e a aplicação da lei possam ser discutidos e desvelados. O presente estudo, amparado nos pressupostos teóricos da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, partiu da hipótese de que os sentidos produzidos no processo de aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha pelas instâncias de poder envolvidas (Polícia Civil e Poder Judiciário), como representativas do Estado, e as instâncias individuais (vítimas e agressores) têm efeitos diversos e contraditórios, o que pode interferir na eficácia da aplicação desse instrumento jurídico, quanto ao enfrentamento desse tipo de violência. Tomou-se como objetivo geral desta pesquisa a análise de efeitos de sentido produzidos a partir da aplicação da Lei nº 11.340/2006, nas peças processuais denominadas relatórios de inquérito (fase policial) e sentenças judiciais (fase judicial) de vinte processos criminais instaurados na Comarca de Araranguá/SC, no período de 2006 a 2013, referente a situações de violência doméstica praticada contra mulheres, por seus parceiros íntimos. A análise discursiva dos documentos das instâncias formais (polícia e poder judiciário) apontou uma generalização das situações tratadas, em função da modelagem pré-estabelecida pelo discurso jurídico, que padroniza os textos e silencia enredos e histórias de vida, deixando à deriva a questão das singularidades envolvidas em cada situação. Marcas de gêneros também foram percebidas pelas construções linguísticas empregadas nos relatórios e nas sentenças judiciais que reforçaram os lugares sociais ocupados por vítimas e agressores e atribuíram a eles (os agressores) o papel de dominação e a elas (as vítimas), o papel de subordinadas. A análise também apontou um recorrente silenciamento da violência praticada, bem como um silenciamento das próprias vítimas. Esse silenciamento se dá tanto pelas decisões judiciais aplicadas, quanto pelos discursos inseridos nesses julgamentos, que em sua maioria são de improcedência dos pedidos de denúncia aos agressores, que acabam por negar a ocorrência da violência, calando a questão a ser julgada. Pela aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas, foi possível proceder à análise do discurso das falas de mulheres e homens envolvidos em situações de violência doméstica conjugal. Os discursos dessas entrevistas também manifestam silenciamento da violência doméstica em que ambos - companheiros e companheiras - estão inseridos, bem como apontaram para uma cultura do medo, que ora serve para o agressor intimidar a vítima; ora é usado por ela, quando efetua a denúncia dele, buscando a resolutividade imediata do conflito. Esse medo de ambos gera efeito de submissão, às vezes mascarado na palavra respeito. A aplicação da Lei Maria da Penha procedida no meio policial e judicial dos vinte processos aqui analisados configura-se como mera formalidade, no que concerne à resposta do Estado para uma demanda criminal específica. Desconsiderando o problema para o qual foi criada, a aplicação da lei no que concerne ao discurso policial, ao discurso judicial e ao discurso de vítimas e agressores, acaba por reproduzir padrões sexistas de linguagem que mantêm as relações desiguais entre homens e mulheres e, por vezes, fortalece a dualidade masculino x feminino.
Addressing situations of spousal domestic violence in the scene of criminal justice since 2006, has been made by the 11.340/2006 Law, nationally known as Maria da Penha Law. From the establishment of police investigations in police stations, investigations take effect and the violence becomes displayed, linguistically, in official documents, enabling meaning effects on domestic violence and law enforcement that can be discussed and unveiled. This study, supported by the theoretical assumptions of the French Discourse Analysis, hypothesized that the meanings produced in the process of implementation of the Maria da Penha Law by the official power instances (Civil Police and Judiciary), as representative of the State and the individual instances (victims and perpetrators) have diverse and contradictory effects, which can interfere with the effectiveness of the application of this legal instrument, as the confrontation of such violence. The general objective of this research was the analysis of effects of meaning produced from the application of Law No. 11.340/2006, the texts referred to as investigation reports (police phase) and court decisions (court) of twenty criminal cases in Araranguá/SC, from 2006 to 2013, related to situations of domestic violence against women by their intimate partners. The discursive analysis of documents of the formal bodies (police and judiciary) showed a generalization of the treated cases, depending on preestablished by the legal discourse modeling, which standardizes the texts and silences plots and stories of life, leaving aside the issue of singularities involved in each situation. Genre marks were also perceived by the language constructs used in reports and court judgments that reinforced the social places occupied by victims and offenders and assigns them (the attackers) the role of domination and they (the victims), the role of subordinate. The analyzes also showed a recurring silencing of the practiced violence as well as a silencing of the victims themselves. This silencing occurs both by judicial decisions implemented, as the speeches inserted in these trials, which are mostly of dismissal on requests for notification to the attackers, which end up denying the occurrence of violence, silencing the question to be judged. By applying semi-structured interviews, it was possible to proceed to the discourse analysis of women and men involved in situations of spousal domestic violence. The speeches of these interviews also reveal silencing of domestic violence in which both partners are entered and it also pointed to a culture of fear, which sometimes is for the abuser intimidate the victim and then it is used by her when makes his complaint, seeking the immediate solving of the conflict. This fear of both generates submission effect, sometimes masked by the word respect. The application of the Maria da Penha Law proceeded on police and judicial means of twenty cases reviewed here, appears as a mere formality, regarding the State's response to a specific criminal demand. Ignoring the problem for which it was created, the law enforcement regarding the police speech, the judicial discourse and the discourse of victims and perpetrators, ends up reproducing sexist patterns of language that keeps the unequal relations between men and women and strengthens the male x female duality.
Addressing situations of spousal domestic violence in the scene of criminal justice since 2006, has been made by the 11.340/2006 Law, nationally known as Maria da Penha Law. From the establishment of police investigations in police stations, investigations take effect and the violence becomes displayed, linguistically, in official documents, enabling meaning effects on domestic violence and law enforcement that can be discussed and unveiled. This study, supported by the theoretical assumptions of the French Discourse Analysis, hypothesized that the meanings produced in the process of implementation of the Maria da Penha Law by the official power instances (Civil Police and Judiciary), as representative of the State and the individual instances (victims and perpetrators) have diverse and contradictory effects, which can interfere with the effectiveness of the application of this legal instrument, as the confrontation of such violence. The general objective of this research was the analysis of effects of meaning produced from the application of Law No. 11.340/2006, the texts referred to as investigation reports (police phase) and court decisions (court) of twenty criminal cases in Araranguá/SC, from 2006 to 2013, related to situations of domestic violence against women by their intimate partners. The discursive analysis of documents of the formal bodies (police and judiciary) showed a generalization of the treated cases, depending on preestablished by the legal discourse modeling, which standardizes the texts and silences plots and stories of life, leaving aside the issue of singularities involved in each situation. Genre marks were also perceived by the language constructs used in reports and court judgments that reinforced the social places occupied by victims and offenders and assigns them (the attackers) the role of domination and they (the victims), the role of subordinate. The analyzes also showed a recurring silencing of the practiced violence as well as a silencing of the victims themselves. This silencing occurs both by judicial decisions implemented, as the speeches inserted in these trials, which are mostly of dismissal on requests for notification to the attackers, which end up denying the occurrence of violence, silencing the question to be judged. By applying semi-structured interviews, it was possible to proceed to the discourse analysis of women and men involved in situations of spousal domestic violence. The speeches of these interviews also reveal silencing of domestic violence in which both partners are entered and it also pointed to a culture of fear, which sometimes is for the abuser intimidate the victim and then it is used by her when makes his complaint, seeking the immediate solving of the conflict. This fear of both generates submission effect, sometimes masked by the word respect. The application of the Maria da Penha Law proceeded on police and judicial means of twenty cases reviewed here, appears as a mere formality, regarding the State's response to a specific criminal demand. Ignoring the problem for which it was created, the law enforcement regarding the police speech, the judicial discourse and the discourse of victims and perpetrators, ends up reproducing sexist patterns of language that keeps the unequal relations between men and women and strengthens the male x female duality.
Palavras-chave
Brasil. Lei n. 11.340, de 7 de agosto de 2006, Análise do discurso, Violência conjugal, Aplicação da lei